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HEAT PIPES FOR CONTROL CAN THEY BE USED IN CHEMICAL REACTORS ETC?
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Thermosyphon & Heat Pipe Conventional heat pipe schematic. (1) HP case, (2) porous wick, (3) vapour channel, (4) vapour, and (5) liquid. Thermosyphon (Gravity-assisted liquid transport)
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A Little Bit of History Perkins Tubes used to transfer heat from a hot air stream to a cold one – gas-gas heat recovery. The Perkins tube is a thermosyphon – relies on gravity for liquid return
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The Perkins Oven – use coal to bake bread without getting soot on the dough!
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Closer to chemical Engineering – safety first!
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The current version of the Perkins Heat Exchanger
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Heat Pipe Working Fluids Fluids can cover temperature ranges appropriate to most reactors. Liquid metals used – eg sodium.
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Comparison of fluid performance Merit number compares relative heat transport capability of different working fluids. Strong function of latent heat, surface tension, viscosity
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Limitation to heat transport are several Capillary limit affected by orientation of heat pipe & wick design. The wick is a passive pump. Sonic limit occurs when fluid density high (eg at low T)
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Types of Heat Pipe
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Applications as a Function of Heat Pipe Features
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Isothermalisation Isothermalisation – or evening out of temperatures, is an inherent feature that may benefit reactors
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Variable Conductance HP in a Reactor (Nuclear)
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Benefits in Chemical Reactors Catalysts have been put on heat pipes, with surface reactions. The heat pipe is in ideal way of heat removal/input to the catalyst thereon.
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More possible benefits in Reactors
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Chinese Chemical Heat Pipe Reactor
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VCHP Concepts – 1 Passive Control
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VCHP – Passive Feedback Control
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VCHP – Active Feedback Control
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A with the SDR, rotation aids heat transfer and fluid transport Used for cooling rotating machinery
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Other rotating variants
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