1. Sports Medicine Specialists
Sports Injuries
Dr Christopher Tong
Sports Medicine Specialists
8/F AON China Building
29 Queens Road Central
Hong Kong

2. Today’s talk Overview of sports medicine Review of anatomy
General principles of sports injuries management including clinical examination
lower limb injuries

4. Anatomy and Function

5. Symptoms of Meniscal tear
Pain
Locking
Knee swelling
Signs
Knee effusion
Joint line tenderness
Apley grinding test
McMurray test

7. Finished Product

8. Acute Knee Injury

9. Clinical Examination (Anatomical Knowledge Needed)
Clinical Problem
Clinical Examination (Anatomical Knowledge Needed)
Diagnosis

10. Common Structures Damaged
Cruciate ligaments
Collateral ligaments
Menisci
Nerve (common peroneal)

11. Knee Arthroscopy

12. Normal ACL
Ruptured ACL

13. Knee Arthroscopy

14. Management of acute knee injuries
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation
Complete examination to diagnose structures damaged
MRI or arthroscopy

15. Cartilage Injuries

17. The Challenge

18. Drilling

20. Replacement Osteochondral graft autograft, mosaicplasty, OATS
allograft

21. Ankle Sprains

22. Ankle Sprain
Ankle Sprain

24. Acute Management ? C C I ? E R ?

26. Common Peroneal Nerve Function
Sensory
Motor
Anterior compartment (deep peroneal nerve)
Lateral compartment (superficial peroneal nerve)

27. My Work PWH Orthopaedics Sports Team Hong Kong Sports Institute
Knee and shoulder surgery 80%
Foot and Ankle surgery 20%
Hong Kong Sports Institute
Honorary Sports Medicine Consultant
Care of HK elite athletes

28. Scope of Sports Medicine
Sports injuries and management
Sports psychology
Sports nutrition
Physical conditioning and training
Doping
Medical aspects of sports medicine
Rehabilitation
Sports physiology

29. Multidisciplinary Team
Sports physician
Orthopaedic surgeon
Sports psychologist
Sports nutritionist
Coaches
Physiotherapists
Sports physiologist

30. Sports physician Overall care of athlete Medical aspects
Non-operative aspects of sports injuries
Team doctor and travel medicine
Liaison role with other specialists

31. Sports psychology Enhance performance
100 m sprinter vs. Olympic archer
Injury prevention and rehabilitation
Tools:
Relaxation techniques
Goal setting
Visualization

32. Sports nutritionist Macronutrients Micronutrients Fluid balance
CHO, lipids, protein
Micronutrients
Vitamins, minerals, antioxidants
Fluid balance
Supplements
Creatine, bicarbonates, caffeine

33. Doping Blood doping Anabolic steroids Erythropoietin Growth hormone
Stimulants
e.g. amphetamines
Diuretics

34. Coaching Fitness Injury prevention Strength training Speed Endurance
Flexibility
Injury prevention

35. Principles of training
Progressive overload
Specificity
Periodization
Tapering

36. Progressive overload
Overuse injuries are often the result of training which is ‘too much, too soon’.
Training load:
Frequency
Duration
Intensity

37. Sports physiology Energy systems Muscle physiology Anaerobic Aerobic
ATP + phosphocreatine system
Glycolytic system
Aerobic
Carbohydrate oxidation
Fat oxidation
Muscle physiology
Training implications

38. Multidisciplinary business
Sports Medicine
Multidisciplinary business