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Immunoglobulin: Isotypes, Allotypes and Idiotypes

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Presentation on theme: "Immunoglobulin: Isotypes, Allotypes and Idiotypes"— Presentation transcript:

1 Immunoglobulin: Isotypes, Allotypes and Idiotypes

2 Immunoglobulin Isotypes
Definition - Antigenic determinants that characterize the classes and subclasses of heavy chains and types and subtypes of light chains

3 Recognizes determinants specific for  heavy chains
Immunoglobulin Isotypes Human IgM antiserum Reacts with IgM, IgG, IgA, IgD, IgE ?? React with IgG, IgA, IgD and IgE ?? Absorbed antiserum Reacts only with IgM Recognizes determinants specific for  heavy chains (isotypes) ??

4 Immunoglobulin Isotypes
Definition IgM (kappa) IgG1 (kappa) Location Occurrence Importance Ig levels B cell tumors Immunodeficiencies

5 Immunoglobulin Allotypes
Definition - Antigenic determinants specified by allelic forms of the Ig genes Source of anti-allotypic Abs IgG1 (kappa) Person 2 Person 1 Location Occurrence

6 Human Immunoglobulin Allotypes
Nomenclature G1m(3) Km(1)

7 Human Immunoglobulin Allotypes
Genetics (alleles) Co-dominant autosomal genes Km(1)/Km(3) X Km(1)/Km(1) Km(1)/Km(1) and Km(1)/Km(3) Allelic exclusion

8 Human Immunoglobulin Allotypes
Genetics (pseudoalleles) Co-dominant G1m(17) G1m(1) 214

9 Immunoglobulin Allotypes
Definition Location Occurrence Importance Monitoring bone marrow grafts Forensic medicine Paternity testing

10 Immunoglobulin Idiotypes
Definition - Unique antigenic determinants present on individual antibody molecules or on molecules of identical specificity

11 Immunoglobulin Idiotypes
Strain A Mouse Anti-DNP Ab DNP-BSA Ab against combining site of anti-DNP Ab Strain A Mouse Purified anti-DNP Ab ?? Antigenic determinants created by the HVR = Idiotypes

12 Immunoglobulin Idiotypes
Definition Location IgG1 (kappa) Person 1 anti-A IgG1 (kappa) Person 1 anti-B

13 Immunoglobulin Idiotypes
Definition Location Importance V region marker Regulation of immune responses

14 Regulation by Id/anti-Id
+ + Ag Id anti-Id anti-anti-Id - -

15 Immunoglobulin Idiotypes
Definition Location Importance V region marker Regulation of immune responses Vaccines

16 Anti-Idiotype Vaccines
Ag Id anti-Id + - Ag Id anti-Id +

17 Immunoglobulin Idiotypes
Definition Location Importance V region marker Regulation of immune responses Vaccines Treatment of B cell tumors (T cell)

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