1. CoAX – Coalition TIE Technology Integration Experiment TTCP Meeting - Malvern - September 2000 AFRL Rome, AIAI, Boeing, Dartmouth, DERA Malvern, Lockheed Martin ATL, Michigan, MIT Sloan, Stanford, USC/ISI, UWF/IHMC Support from BBN, GITI, ISX, MITRE, Schafer Coalition Agents eXperiment (CoAX) http://www.aiai.ed.ac.uk/project/coax/ DARPA

2. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 2 CoAX Briefing Outline u Aims and Scenario u CoAX Components u Demonstrations u TTCP Demonstration u Next Steps u Summary

3. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 3 CoAX Context u Increasing military requirements for coalition operations u Belief that agent computational model is a good fit to meet coalition interoperability requirements u US and UK Agent Research Programmes u US DARPA Control of Agent Based Systems (CoABS) u UK DERA Agents Project u Need for “middleware” such as is provided by CoABS Grid Infrastructure

4. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 4 CoAX Aim of Coalition TIE u Aim is to address unique aspects of coalition operations through the development and evaluation of agent domain and task management services u Aim will be met through delivery of: u Phased technical demonstrations of increasing complexity u Development of generic Coalition-oriented grid services u Requirements: u Use of a wide variety of different agent systems u Use of existing military (non-agent) applications

5. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 5 CoAX Key Coalition Drivers u Different cultures, doctrines, and languages: u Different doctrine, decision making, rules of engagement and, in general, mission “agendas” u Command authorities - agreement and transfers u Different interpretation of situational information u Incompatibility of respective national information systems: u Different technology skill and equipment levels u Lack of information systems resource sharing agreements u Variable reliability of components and infrastructures u Lack of compatible security architectures u Need for rapid configuration and reconfiguration by personnel with limited training u Limited models for coalition force operations Derived from LeRoy Pearce (Canadian MOD), 1999

6. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 6 CoAX Key Technical Drivers u Cannot assume interoperability, reliability or availability of different nations systems u Need for partial (secure) sharing and visualization of processes, data and facilities u Need to work with agents in multiple dynamically determined domains u Need for flexible inter-agent task and process management u Need for rapid formation, management and change of agent relationships

7. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 7 CoAX Binni - Gateway to the Golden Bowl of Africa Rathmell, R.A. (1999) A Coalition Force Scenario 'Binni - Gateway to the Golden Bowl of Africa', in Proceedings of the International Workshop on Knowledge-Based Planning for Coalition Forces, (ed. Tate, A.) pp. 115-125, Edinburgh, Scotland, 10th-11th May 1999.

8. W E N S Geography Binni - All Features BANDARPopulation centres × Military airfieldsGravel roads Brongo Ports Q Civilian AirfieldsTracks KEY Tarmac roads 175 Heights (metres)Railways LAYERS: Return Cape Vincent Cape Amstado Caca Kaso Lagoon Amisa Jacal Pra Ankobra Tana Ofin Afram Daka Black Caca Kapowa White Caca Mawli LAKE CACA Water Brongo Ports Q Civilian AirfieldsTracks Q Q Q Q Q Q × × × × × Transport WESTERN REGION AGADEZ Zingato SIKASSO COSTA DEL MARIA LAKI BANDAR UGWULU UPPER REGION NORTHERN REGION CACA REGION EASTERN REGION CACA REGION ASHANTI REGION CENTRAL REGION BANDAR REGION AGADEZ GAO Kwanabouri Gambaga 268 Masembi Gambaga Escarpment Higgville Libar Zatu To Cunmege To Tifillo Dinga Anala 876 527 390 482 436 588 752 542 707 123 788 613 175 613 Akwapim-Gao Range Kwahu Plateau To Pample To Segumbo Kamongo Jinja Brongo Laval Biloo Sagiba Bave Gamba Kolla Antok Grandville Hakkali To Cecil Dado Minga Kaso Nanga Caca Dam Esuko Blackman Laponga Zaribe Bonrope Tonka 775 Atewa Ranga Saltpond Achobo Adaido Diplombo Elmina Wonka Deanville Sonara Sandosta Komenda Gonobo Grandvache Polia Jamestown Slabo Donga Anguiba Kutchi Akimbo Sago- town Wazilla Suthertown Bisa Wampimba Belucar Salisbury Bisha St Andrews Sellerham Kingtown To Petit Paris To Escallope Lissa Libretto Slafito Langford To Falo Asoba Nedalla Epidurango Aida To Harra Names Setting Lat / Long Lat / Long 31E 36E 35E 34E 33E 32E 39E 38E 37E 36E 35E 34E 33E 32E 31E 39E 38E 37E 17N 16N 15N 20N 19N 18N 17N 16N 15N 19N 18N 21N

9. W E N S Cape Vincent Cape Amstado Caca Kaso Lagoon Amisa Jacal Pra Ankobra Tana Ofin Afram Daka Black Caca Kapowa White Caca Mawli LAKE CACA Gao forces Agadez forces Firestorm Forces separated by firestorm

10. W E N S Cape Vincent Cape Amstado Caca Kaso Lagoon Amisa Jacal Pra Ankobra Tana Ofin Afram Daka Black Caca Kapowa White Caca Mawli LAKE CACA Gao forces Agadez forces Firestorm False Agadez forces False Gao forces Gao deception is intended to displace firestorm: separation fails.

11. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 11 CoAX Briefing Outline u Aims and Scenario u CoAX Components u Demonstrations u TTCP Demonstration u Next Steps u Summary

12. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 12 CoAX CoAX Components DARPA CoABS Grid (GITI, ISX) Agent Frameworks KAoS Agents (Boeing, IHMC) D’Agents (Dartmouth) EMAA/CAST Agents (LM ATL) Agent Grid Services Task and Process Management (AIAI) Domain Management Services (Boeing, IHMC) Plan Deconfliction (Michigan) Exception Handling (MIT) Incentive Management (Stanford) Military Systems CAMPS (AFRL,GITI, BBN) MBP (DERA) … Agents on the Grid AODB Agent (LM ATL) Observer Agents (Dartmouth) Malicious Agents (IHMC, Boeing) Web Weather Agent (USC/ISI) …

13. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 13 CoAX Briefing Outline u Aims and Scenario u CoAX Components u Demonstrations u TTCP Demonstration u Next Steps u Summary

14. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 14 CoAX Demonstration Schedule u u 1-month demo at kick-off in February 2000 showing direct connection between DERA MBP and LM-ATL AODB u u 6-month integration milestone in July 2000 showing initial integration of selected CoAX components for 9-month demo u u 9-month demo in October 2000: u u Brief the CoAX TIE and Binni scenario u u Show full integration of selected CoAX components u u Show that selected components interoperate in a Binni-based scenario u u Tell a relevant 'story‘ about agents for information gathering u u Additional stand-alone demos of other components u u 18-month demo in July 2001 showing full integration of all CoAX components in a rich coalition scenario: u u Expanding scope to cover planning and execution u u 30-month demo in July 2002 showing dynamic aspects of domain management and tasking

15. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 15 CoAX Month 1 - Initial Demo u Demonstration involves AFRL Rome, DERA Malvern and LM ATL and is a first (risk reduction) step toward CoAX u Demo shows legacy applications can be usefully integrated into an agent framework CoABS Grid EMAA / CAST Agents (LM ATL, US) AODB Master Battle Planner v2.1 (DERA, UK)

16. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 16 CoAX 6-Month (July 2000) Milestone Report u u Eleven agents in three separate agent domains representing coalition functional units (JTF HQ, JFAC HQ, Gao Intel) u u Binni scenario information used to drive storyboard u u Tasking and control across coalition functional units u u Visualization of coalition C2 process via a simple process model u u Simple policy administration tool for selective information sharing and communication blocking

17. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 17 CoAX JTF HQ JFAC HQ Gao Intel 6-Month (July 2000) Milestone Structure Non-domain-aware message-based grid agents AODB LM-ATL Db ii PP' Domain-aware conversational grid agents Db i MBP Intel1 Intel2 DM2 MM2 DM3 MM3 DM1 MM1

18. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 18 CoAX 9-Month (October 2000) Demonstration Plan u u Focus on information-gathering phase u irst interoperation of agent-wrapped legacy US and UK systems u First interoperation of agent-wrapped legacy US and UK systems u u New agents and domains u u Three additional agent domains (6 domains and ~25 agents) u u Incorporation of domain-aware CAMPS airlift planning system u u Ariadne agent providing publicly available weather information u u More powerful Process Panel u u New domain management functionality u u Malicious observer agent thwarted by domain management and NOMADS resource control mechanisms u u KAoS Policy Administration Tool (KPAT) administering communication, registration, and resource policies u u New stand-alone demonstrations: u u MIT exception handling u u Stanford incentive management u u U. Michigan plan deconfliction u u Dartmouth ‘observer agents’

19. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 19 CoAX JFAC HQ Gao Intel US JTF HQ Observers (Intel) Gao Obs. Sub-domain of “Observers” 9-Month (October 2000) Demonstration Structure Db ii Db i MBP Intel1 Intel2 DM2 MM2 DM1 MM1 DM4 MM4 AODB PP' DM3 MM3 DM5 MM5 DGO DAO GAO DM6 MM6 WeatherViz AL Plan AODB LM-ATL Weather Ariadne CAMPS ALDB

20. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 20 CoAX Briefing Outline u Aims and Scenario u CoAX Components u Demonstrations u TTCP Demonstration u Next Steps u Summary

21. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 21 CoAX Briefing Outline u Aims and Scenario u CoAX Components u Demonstrations u TTCP Demonstration u Next Steps u Summary

22. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 22 CoAX 18-Month (July 2001) Demonstration Plan u u More realism in coalition structures u u All CoAX members integrated (9 domains and ~35 agents) u u Coalition agents playing multiple roles in different domains u u New policies add additional robustness and security u u Added functionality in process and task management u u Increased scope of Binni scenario demonstration u u Richer information gathering phase u u Planning and execution phases of Binni added in u u Incorporating coalition functionality becomes easier u u Packaging capabilities as pluggable grid services

23. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 23 CoAX JTF HQ JFAC HQ Gao Intel US Observers (Intel) UK Shared Met. 18-Month (July 2000) Demo Structure Gao Obs. AODB LM-ATL Weather Ariadne CAMPS ALDB Db ii Db i MBP Intel1 Intel2 DM2 MM2 DM1 MM1 DM4 MM4 AODB DM8 MM8 DM5 MM5 DGO DAO GAO DM6 MM6 AL Plan Intel1a Intel3 DM7 MM7 Db iii DM3 MM3 WeatherViz DM9 MM9 PP EH IM Plan Dec.

24. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 24 CoAX 30-Month (July 2002) Demonstration Plan u u Dynamic “come as you are” coalition formation u Dynamic creation of ‘virtual coalition organisation’ u u Agents and domains added to coalition structure ‘on-the-fly’ u Dynamic coalition tasks and processes u u Tailored visualizations u u High-level tools usable without specialized training u u Generic task, process, and domain management tools

25. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 25 CoAX Briefing Outline u Aims and Scenario u CoAX Components u Demonstrations u TTCP Demonstration u Next Steps u Summary

26. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 26 CoAX Status and Next Steps u 1-month and 6-month demo milestones successfully completed u Preview of progress on 9-month demonstration at Malvern TTCP meeting u 100+ page ‘living document’ describing CoAX contributions and Binni ‘FLASH’ scenario delivered u Ongoing work with GITI on design for packaging of agent domain and process management services for the grid u 9-month demonstration ready in October 2000 u Integrated demonstration u Stand-alone demonstrations u Links to Joint Battlespace Infosphere, Joint Battlespace Digitisation

27. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 27 CoAX Summary u Coalition operations is a matter of high concern for the military and a great proving ground for agent research u Binni provides mature rich source of realistic scenario data u Actual military tools used in true cross-national collaboration—hope to expand to additional nations in the future u Sixteen partners cooperating in phased technical integration demonstrators u CoABS Grid provided necessary interoperability u Significant new research issues being addressed of both theoretical and practical significance

28. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 28 CoAX Further Information and Involvement u CoAX and Binni documentation available u See http://www.aiai.ed.ac.uk/project/coax/ u We encourage your participation… u In addressing key coalition and technical drivers u In seeking operational opportunities u In future demonstrations

29. CoAX/TTCP Briefing - 29 CoAX The End