1. Ruled Product Forms

2. Ruled Surfaces Ruled surfaces are transitional surfaces  between two open or closed profiles  Between one open or closed profile and a point There must be at least one straight line that connect any point on the one profile to the other profile or point Planes and Cylindrical surfaces are a sub- set of ruled surfaces

3. From any point on one profile At least 1 straight line to other profile Single curvature Not single curvature

6. Use of Ruled Surfaces By introducing free-form curves and varying the matching endpoints, designers can introduce dynamism to the product form Straight ruled surfaces appears on many products formed by folding and bending sheet materials Skilful combination of ruled surfaces can make a mathematically simple developable surface looks as dynamic as very complex surface

7. Example of Ruled Surfaces on Products Thermos Jug by Boda NovaBoda Nova

8. Example of Ruled Surfaces on Products Elic umbrella stand Brody Sofa by Arthur Koutoulas Moshimy cellphone dock by Michael Young'cellphone dockMichael Young

9. Negative Ruled Surface Created From Running A Profile Across 2D Space

10. Double Helix Columns by Antoni Gaudi Adapted from: Tangible interfaces to explain Gaudi’s use of ruled-surface geometries Interactive systems design for haptic, nonverbal learning

11. Ruled Coffee-set Design a coffee-set consist of a pot, a cup, and a saucer Use ruled surfaces only No graphics, single colour only Contrast, proportion, and void User-friendly Prepare a colour rendering of your final design