1. X-Ray Powder Diffraction XRPD XRD

2. E = h c / λ E = 12.398 / λ λ = 12.398 / V E in (keV) and λ in (Ǻ) 1 (nm) = 10 (Ǻ) X-Ray is an Electromagnetic radiation

3. λ = 2 d sin θ,Bragg Law X-Rays Diffraction أشعة سينية متوازية تسقط على مستويات بلورية متوازية تفصل بينها مسافة-d ألمعرفة كيفية وجود هذه المستويات البلورية ، لابد من التعرف على تركيب العينة التي في الحالة الصلبة

5. Sample : Powders Lose Powders Bound Powders: Metal The best Grain size : (1 – 10) μm or Crystallite size : (1000 – 10000) nm

6. The Chemical Unit of Mn(H 2 O) 6. (ClO 4 ) 2

7. The Unit Cell of Mn(H 2 O) 6. (ClO 4 ) 2

8. The Crystal Structure of Mn(H 2 O) 6. (ClO 4 ) 2 Regular arrangement Lattice planes

9. The Unit Cell of NaCl

12. Debye-Scherrer Camera Debye-Scherrer Film

13. X-Ray Diffractometer

14. XRPD of MgCr 2 O 4, Cr 2 O 3, MgO and Mixed of the three

15. Crystalline and Non-Crystalline (Amorphous) SiO 2

16. XRPD‘s of the SiO 2 phases (polymorphs)

18. ICDD card

20. Example from the Hanawalt Search Manual ©ICDD©ICDD 1976. Used with permission from the International Centre for Diffraction Data. Back © Copyright 1997-2006.© Copyright 1997-2006. Birkbeck College, University of London.Birkbeck College, University of London.