1. What is Intelligence? Cohen & Swerdlik: a multifaceted capacity that manifests itself in different ways across the lifespan, but in general includes the abilities and capabilities to acquire and apply knowledge, to reason logically, to plan effectively, to infer perceptively, to exhibit sound judgment and problem-solving ability, to grasp and visualize concepts, to be mentally alert and intuitive, to be able to find the right words and thoughts with facility, and to be able to cope, adjust, and make the most of new situations

2. Synonyms Cognitive ability Mental ability Scholastic aptitude

3. Theories of intelligence How many “intelligences” are there? Spearman: g & s based on correlations among tests g rather than s best prediction of overall intelligence –Abstract reasoning best measure of g Can a single number/score represent a person’s intelligence?

4. Theorists de-emphasizing g Thurstone: 7 primary mental abilities Guilford: Structure of Intellect Model –3 classifications of mental ability: Operations-what a person does Contents-the material on which operations are performed Products-the form in which information is stored and processed 120 separate abilities

5. Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences Linguistic Musical Logical-Mathematical Spatial Bodily-kinesthetic Interpersonal Intrapersonal

6. Cattell & successors Cattell –Crystallized (Gc): acquired skills dependent upon exposure to particular culture and formal education –Fluid (Gf): nonverbal, culturally-free, independent of instruction Horn’s additions: visual processing; auditory processing, quantitative processing, speed of processing; facility with reading & writing; short- term memory; long-term storage & retrieval

7. Cattell & successors (cont.) Carroll’s 3-stratum theory –Top stratum: g –2nd stratum: eight abilities and processes Fluid intelligence; crystallized int.; general memory and learning; broad visual perception; broad auditory perception; broad retrieval capacity; broad cognitive speediness; processing and decision speed –Level factors & speed factors: more specific & dependent on 2nd-level stratum to which they are linked Hierarchical model: all abilities are subsumed by stratum above

8. CHC model Blending of Horn-Cattell & Carroll models (McGrew, 1997) –Inconsistencies between 2 models to be ironed out, e.g., no g in Horn-Cattell model CHC model –10 broad stratum abilities –70 narrow stratum abilities –Hierarchical –No g

9. Information processing model(s) How information is processed, not what is processed Major theorists: –Luria, Das, Naglieri Types of information processing styles –Sequential (Successive –Simultaneous (parallel) –Planning –Attention

10. Nature v. Nurture Heredity –Galton –Burt –Jensen –The Bell Curve Environment –J.S. Mill –Kamin

11. Political Implications Group v. Individual Differences Eugenics Efficacy of remedial programs?