1. Animal Kingdom Classify similar animals into Phyla 36 Animal Phyla –Only 1 has vertebrates

3. Nekton Strong swimmers in the pelagic realm

4. CUTTLEFISH

5. Squid

7. Giant Squid Captured, Filmed for First Time : Dec 22, 2006- Japan

9. Fig. 13-12, p. 268 An immature female specimen of the squid researchers are calling Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni the "colossal squid". (April 2003)

10. Cephalopod Mollusks Pelagic = squid, cuttlefish, chambered nautilus (benthic = octopus) Foot modified into tentacles Active predators Highly evolved nervous system Largest of the invertebrates (59 ft squid)

11. Vertebrates: Cartilaginous Fish – Skeletons made of cartilage skates, rays –more benthic –Dorsoventrally flattened sharks –More pelagic –Torpedo shaped and streamlined

13. Fig. 13-13, p. 269

14. Fig. 13-14, p. 269

15. Cartilaginous Fish skeletons made of tough elastic cartilage negatively buoyant –Use fins for lift –Store oil in liver Gill slits are visible some of the active sharks must swim to breathe

16. Vertebrates: Bony Fish Skeletons made of bone most numerous and successful of all vertebrates

17. Fig. 13-15, p. 270

18. Bony Fish – Class Osteichthyes swim bladders

20. Bony Fish – Class Osteichthyes operculum

21. Fig. 13-16, p. 271

22. Bony Fish – Class Osteichthyes body shape effects the efficiency of movement

24. Vertebrates: Marine Reptiles Sea turtles, sea snakes, marine iguanas, marine crocodiles

26. Fig. 13-19, p. 273

27. Fig. 13-18, p. 272

28. Marine Reptiles ectothermic covered with scales breathe air with lungs, have specialized salt glands to excrete excess salt taken in from seawater

29. Vertebrates: Marine Birds Albatrosses, pelicans, gulls, terns, puffins and penguins are endotherms have feathers also have salt secreting glands

32. Fig. 13-20, p. 274

33. Vertebrates: Marine Mammals mammary glands hair endothermic

34. Marine Mammals Cetaceans –porpoises, dolphins and whales –toothed whales & baleen whales

35. Fig. 13-21a, p. 275

36. Fig. 13-21b, p. 276

37. Fig. 13-22a, p. 277

39. Marine Mammals Carnivora –seals, sea lions, walruses, sea otters and polar bears

42. Marine Mammals Sirenia –manatees- only herbivorous marine mammal

44. Fig. 13-25, p. 279

45. Marine Mammals streamlined bodies breathe air using lungs modified respiratory & circulatory system system osmotic adaptations