1. Music History The Beginning…

2. When did music start? 180000 BC: Evidence of mammoth bones crafted to make instruments 180000 BC: Evidence of mammoth bones crafted to make instruments

3. What would early instruments have been made out of? Why???

4. The Ancient Greeks Western culture takes its ideals of beauty and art from ancient Greece and Rome Western culture takes its ideals of beauty and art from ancient Greece and Rome Roots of philosophy, government, literature, visual art, and our musical ideal Roots of philosophy, government, literature, visual art, and our musical ideal Throughout history Europe and America have turned to Greece and Rome for instruction and inspiration Throughout history Europe and America have turned to Greece and Rome for instruction and inspiration

5. Greek Musical Thought Music has the power to move people in powerful ways Music has the power to move people in powerful ways There is one, true, right form of music There is one, true, right form of music Connection between music and numbers Connection between music and numbers Connection between music and astronomy Connection between music and astronomy Unison of music and poetry Unison of music and poetry

6. What did the music of ancient Greece and Rome sound like?

7. Guess what?

8. We don’t know.

9. What we do know… The Greeks wrote about music and composition and the place of music in society The Greeks wrote about music and composition and the place of music in society The Greeks invented music theory: Pythagoras! The Greeks invented music theory: Pythagoras! Due to modern archeology and scholarship, we now have a few surviving samples of music Due to modern archeology and scholarship, we now have a few surviving samples of music

10. A little history… 753 BC Rome founded 753 BC Rome founded Ca. 700 BC Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey Ca. 700 BC Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey Ca. 497 BC Pythagoras dies Ca. 497 BC Pythagoras dies Ca. 380 BC Plato’s Republic Ca. 380 BC Plato’s Republic Ca. 4 AD Jesus born Ca. 4 AD Jesus born Ca. 33 AD Crucifixion of Jesus Ca. 33 AD Crucifixion of Jesus Ca. 100 AD Christian liturgy Ca. 100 AD Christian liturgy Ca. 312 AD Roman emperor Constantine converts to Christianity to become more popular Ca. 312 AD Roman emperor Constantine converts to Christianity to become more popular 476 AD Rome falls, Christian Church is primary power 476 AD Rome falls, Christian Church is primary power 591 AD Pope Gregory I (the Great) elected and formalizes the rules of chant: Gregorian Chant 591 AD Pope Gregory I (the Great) elected and formalizes the rules of chant: Gregorian Chant 800 AD Emperor Charlemagne imposes Gregorian chant and suppresses all other music forms in the Roman empire 800 AD Emperor Charlemagne imposes Gregorian chant and suppresses all other music forms in the Roman empire

11. What was between the ancient Greeks and Gregorian chant?

12. What is chant? Used as part of the Christian church service Used as part of the Christian church service Considered a heightened form of speech-prayer Considered a heightened form of speech-prayer Appropriate way to communicate with God Appropriate way to communicate with God Monks (the intellectual elite) chanted 8 hours a day in the 9 th /10 th century Monks (the intellectual elite) chanted 8 hours a day in the 9 th /10 th century

13. Characteristics of Chant

14. 900-1000 AD First examples of pitch notation since the Greeks

15. Homework: If music were a picture, what would it look like? Pick any song or music selection and draw it for us. Pick any song or music selection and draw it for us. Can use any materials: different papers, different colors of ink, etc. BUT must remain two dimensional. Think ABSTRACT. Can use any materials: different papers, different colors of ink, etc. BUT must remain two dimensional. Think ABSTRACT. DUE: In class, Tuesday, April 13 th DUE: In class, Tuesday, April 13 th