1. Glacial Landscapes

2. Erosional Land- scapes  Areal scour vs.  Selective linear erosion

3. Cirques

6. Arêtes and Horns  Jointing and mass wasting (two cirques)  Coalescence of three or more cirques

8. Troughs  “U” shaped –Like a stream, but slower! –X-section area = f(Q) –Elevation = f(Q) at common surface

9. Trough Erosion  Scour @ bed  Mass wasting @ sides (transport)

10. Paternoster Lakes  Local overdeepenings –Rel. erodibility? –Extension/ compression?  Some evidence of cyclicity

11. Grinnell Creek

12. Landforms of Areal Scour  Typically streamlined –Erosional or depositional? –Glacial or glaciofluvial?  Discrete or continuous distribution? [after Rose, 1987]

13. Outwash Streams and Sediment

14. Subglacial Channels  Eroded into bedrock (e.g., Antarctica) –Pressure –Tools

15.  Note: –Escarpment –Notches –Channels

16. Eskers  Subglacial streams –Deposits –Pressure- driven (may trend uphill!) Copyright © Daryl Dagesse 2002

17. Moraines Lateral (Stripped) Terminal (single, massive, sharp-crested) (multiple, subtle, hummocky)

18. Pleistocene Moraines

19. Moraines (map)  Below ELA  Lastglacial (older?)  Effects on streams: –Moraine- dammed –Glacier- dammed –Outwash

20. Till Plains/Outwash “Glacier foreland”

21. Clark Fork of the Yellowstone

22. Paradise Valley

23. Kame Terrace  Interaction between valley wall and glacier wall.  Example: Blackfoot River valley – till/kame Terminal moraine Kame terrace

24. Ice sheet “ground moraine” Kame and kettle topography

25. Outburst Floods (Jökulhlaup)  Sudden drainage of a glacial lake -Breaching of moraines or floating of ice dams. -Calving of icebergs -Typically cyclic -Massive geomorphic work but potentially devastating http://www.sfu.ca~qgrc/people/john/floods.htm [Clague, 1997]

26. Missoula/Spokane floods

27. Pluvial Lakes  Closed basins –Bonneville –Lahontan –Owens+

28. Glaciation and Earth Systems  Oscillating glacial/non-glacial climates  Changing ice/wind/water/coasts… (yr x 10 3 )