1. 1. Metalation of p-Excessive Heteroaromatics

2. Thermodynamic Acidities of π - Excessive Heteroaromatics
References and Notes:
Reutov, O.A.; Beletskaya, I.P.; Butin, K.P. CH-acids, Prgamon Press, Oxford, 1978, pp

3. Kinetic Acidities of π - Excessive Heteroaromatics.
References and Notes:
Reutov, O.A.; Beletskaya, I.P.; Butin, K.P. CH-acids, Prgamon Press, Oxford, 1978, pp
Various authors on Katritzky, A.R,; Rees, C.W. Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1984, pp 238, 650,771.

4. Synthetic Use of Metalated non-DMG Furans and
Thiophenes. Conversions into other Heterocycles
References and Notes:
Tetrahedron Lett. 1987, 28, 5791

5. Synthetic Use of Metalated non-DMG Furans and
Thiophenes. Oxidative Pathways
References and Notes:
Tetrahedron Lett. 1981, 22, 5191.
Helv. Chim. Acta. 1985, 68, 2350.
Acta Chem. Scand. 1967, 21, 1952; ibid 1972, 26, 31.
Review: Gronowitz, S. Hornfeldt, A.-B. in Thiophene and Derivatives, Gronowitz, S. Ed., Wiley, New York, Pt III, 1986 p.24 ff.

6. Metalated Furans. Additions on Glycosyl Nitrones
References and Notes:
J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 5484

7. Use of Metalated non-DMG Thiophenes. Historical Industrial Practice
References and Notes:
Braye, E. Pracor, Paris, France, US 4,127,580, Nov. 28, 1978.

8. Directed ortho Metalation (DoM) Reactivity of Furans and Thiophenes
References and Notes:
Org. React. 1979, 26, 1.
Organic Sulfur Chemistry 1975, 203.
Advan. Heterocyclic Chem. 1981, 30, 167., ibid 1982, 31, 237.
Advan. Het. Chem. 1993, 56, 155.

9. DoM Chemistry of Furans and Thiophenes.
Carbon-Based DMG’s. DMG = 2-oxazolino
References and Notes:
J. Chem Soc. Perkin Trans. I 1985, 2649.
J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 2649.
Tetrahedron 1984, 40, 2107.
J. Chem Soc. Perkin Trans. I 1982, 1343.

10. DoM Chemistry of Furans. DMG = CON-R. Application
References and Notes:
Tetrahedron Lett. 1988, 29, 741.

11. DoM Reactivity of Furans and Thiophenes.
Dianion Equivalents with Carbon-based DMGs
References and Notes:
Tetrahedron Lett. 1985, 26, 1149.
Tetrahedron Lett. 1985, 26, 5335.

12. DoM Reactivity of Furans and Thiophenes.
“DMG” = CO2-
References and Notes:
Tetrahedron Lett. 1972, 13, 3507.
J. Chem Soc. Perkin Trans. I 1983, 791.
Tetrahedron Lett. 1985, 26, 1777.
Tetrahedron Lett. 1982, 23, 4127.
J. Chem Soc. Perkin Trans. I 1982, 623.
J. Chem Soc. Perkin Trans. I 1985, 799.
Cuomo, J.; Gee, S.K.; Hartzell, S.C. in Baker, D.R.; Feynes, J.G.; Moberg, W.K. Eds. Synthesis andChemistry of Agrochemicals II, ACS Symposium Series No. 443, ACS Washington, D.C

13. DoM Chemistry of Furans. DMG = CH2O-
References and Notes:
Tetrahedron Lett. 1983, 24, 5835.
Tetrahedron Lett. 1987, 28, 5965.
Tetrahedron Lett. 1988, 29, 1247.
Tetrahedron Lett. 1989, 30, 1765.
Synlett 1991, 33.

14. DoM Chemistry of Furans and Thiophenes.
Heteroatom - Based DMGs, DMG = SO2R
References and Notes:
Hanagan, M.A. personal communications.
Cuomo, J.; Gee, S.K.; Hartzell, S.C. in Baker, D.R.; Feynes, J.G.; Moberg, W.K. Eds. Synthesis and Chemistry of Agrochemicals II, ACS Symposium Series No. 443, ACS Washington, D.C

15. DoM Reactivity of N-DMG Pyrroles
References and Notes:
Tetrahedron. 1986, 42, 3723.
J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 203.
J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 3760.

16. DoM Reactivity of N-DMG Pyrroles
References and Notes:
Synthesis 1988, 316.
Prog. Heterocyclic Chem. 1989, 1, 1.
Org. Prep. Proc. Int , 20, 585.

17. DoM Reactivity of Indoles. N - DMGs
References and Notes:
a. J. Org. Chem. 1973, 38, 3324.
b. Synlett 1991, 289.
c. J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 1109 and Beak, P. 8th IUPAC Conference on Organic Synthesis, Helsinki, Finland, 1990.
d. Tetrahedron Lett. 1985, 26, 5935.
e. Tetrahedron Lett. 1987, 28, 3741.
f. J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 2495 (2-haloindoles).
g. Synlett 1990, 313 and references cited therein.
h. Heterocycles 1989, 29, 849; J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 3688.
i. Stoller, A.; Snieckus, V. unpublished results.
j. Synthesis 1991, Fecher, A.; Snieckus, V. unpublished results (2-TMS, 7-deprot)
k. Heterocycles 1992, 34, 1295.
l. Tetrahedron Lett. 1988, 29, 6429 (ergoline derivatives).

18. DoM Reactivity of Indoles. N-DMG = CO2t-Bu. Indirect C-7 Substitution
References and Notes:
Heterocycles 1993, 36, 29.

19. DoM Reactivity of Indoles. Non-N DMG Indoles.
DMG = CONR2
References and Notes:
Tetrahedron Lett. 1987, 28, 5259.
Synlett 1991, 289.
Gribble, G.W. in Advan. Heterocyclic Nat. Prod. Synthesis, Pearson, W.H. Ed. Vol. 1 Jai Press Greenwich, CT., 1991.
Wang, X.; Snieckus, V. Unpublished results.

20. DoM Reactivity of Indoles. Non-N DMG Indoles.
DMG = CH2NR2
References and Notes:
Synlett 1991, 315.
Heterocycles 1992, 34, 1031
Wang, X. Ph.D. Thesis,University ofWaterloo, 1992.

21. DoM Reactivity of Non-N DMG Indoles.
DMG = OCONEt2. Benzenoid Ring Functionalization
References and Notes:
J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 1484.

22. DoM Reactivity of p-Excessive Heteroaromatics.
Pyrrazoles. N DMGs
References and Notes:
Org. React. 1979, 26, 1.
Tetrahedron. 1983, 39, 4133
Prog. Heterocyclic Chem. 1989, 1, 1.
Review: Grimmett, M.R.; Iddon, B. Heterocycles 1992, 37, 2087.
Synlett 1992, 327.
Cuomo, J.; Gee, S.K.; Hartzell, S.C. in Baker, D.R.; Feynes, J.G.; Moberg, W.K. Eds. Synthesis and Chemistry of Agrochemicals II, ACS Symposium Series No. 443, ACS Washington, D.C.1990. .

23. DoM Reactivity of Pyrrazoles. Non-N DMGs.
DMG = SO2N-R
References and Notes:
Cuomo, J.; Gee, S.K.; Hartzell, S.C. in Baker, D.R.; Feynes, J.G.; Moberg, W.K. Eds. Synthesis and Chemistry of Agrochemicals II, ACS Symposium Series No. 443, ACS Washington, D.C.1990. .

24. DoM Reactivity of Pyrrazoles. Total Synthesis Application
References and Notes:
Heterocycles 1982, 19, 1223. .

25. Metalation Reactivity of Imidazoles
References and Notes:
Iddon, B. in Kovac, J.; Zalupky, P. Eds. Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1988, p.24.
Org. React. 1979, 26, 1.
Review: Iddon, B.; Ngochindo, R.I. Heterocycles 1994, 38, 2487. .

26. DoM Reactivity of Imidazoles. DMG = N-SO2NR2.
Silicon Protection
References and Notes:
Synthesis 1991, 1021.
J. Chem Soc. Perkin Trans. I 1990, 481.

27. DoM Reactivity of Imidazoles in Context of Nucleosides
References and Notes:
Tetrahedron Lett. 1990, 31,1295 and references cited therein.
Chem. Pharm. Bull. Jpn , 31, 787; ibid. 1987, 35, 72.
Tetrahedron 1986, 42, 1971.

28. DoM Reactivity of Oxazoles
References and Notes:
Tetrahedron Lett. 1981, 22, 3163.
Tetrahedron Lett. 1983, 24,2287.
Tetrahedron Lett. 1983, 24,4391.

29. Metalation Reactivity of Thiazoles
References and Notes:
Reviews: Modern Synthetic Methods, Scheffold, R.Ed, Verlag, Helvetica Chemica Acta, Basel Switzerland, 1992.
Dondoni, A., Pure Appl. Chem. 1990, 62, 643.
Gazz. Chim. Ital. 1988, 118, 211; Lect. Heterocycl. Chim. 1985, 8, 13.
J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 693.
Tetrahedron Lett. 1989, 30, 6063.
Chem. Lett. 1983, 333.
Tetrahedron Lett. 1992, 33, (aminosugars)
Tetrahedron Lett. 1993, 34, 619. (Renin inhibitors)

30. Metalation and DoM Reactivity of Methyl Substituted
Oxazoles and Thiazoles
References and Notes:
Tetrahedron Lett. 1987, 28, 3585.

31. DoM Reactivity of Aminoisoxazoles
References and Notes:
Tetrahedron Lett. 1996, 37, 3339

32. DoM Reactivity of 1-Substituted 1,2,4-Triazoles
References and Notes:
J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 4323