1. DSS: page 311 (map)  Which explorer traveled in the Pacific Island and which continent did John Cabot reach?  Answer:  Magellan and North America

2. Europe Encounters the World

3.  The Black Death wiped out 25% of Europeans in the 1300’s. This greatly decreased the BACKBONE of the feudal economy by the death of serfs.  Spiritual influence of church replaced by desire to search outwardly for inspiration  Out of the fall of the feudal system came……………

4.  Throwing off of medieval ways  Re-discovering Greek and Roman culture  Desire to know the world through scientific exploration, art, and architecture

5.  A variety of factors all came together to make the time period (1450-1700) the “age of exploration”  Some of these factors were pushes - external forces acting on Europe  Some were pulls - motivations and things that attracted the Europeans

7.  Europeans—especially Spain and Portugal--- wanted to find a water route to Asia and Africa.  They were upset with the Italian merchants who were controlling most of the trade with Asia and Africa.

9.  The Three G’s:  Gold  Glory  God

10.  Exploration occurs because of the desire for wealth  Europe needed gold (and silver) to fuel the rising banking system  Foreign spices were desired because Europe had no refrigeration.  Other natural resources (timber, sugar, tobacco, ivory) could be bought and sold for a nice profit.  To make your kingdom strong you must have more gold and wealth than the other kingdom.

11.  Just like the first G, glory was a relatively new idea in Europe.  With the rise of the printing press, the idea of gaining fame for one’s actions was possible.  Individual kings wanted glory for their kingdoms so competition spread. The Triumph of Fame, a Flemish tapestry from 1502.

12.  Europeans had always seen spreading Christianity as a good thing  Colonization became a race to convert indigenous peoples to a particular brand of Christianity  Roman Catholics were some of the most active

13.  The first to encourage new ship explorations was Prince Henry of Portugal, known as “Prince Henry the Navigator”  Started an institute for seafaring and exploring  Combined ship technology learned from Islam with new European innovations  By the time of his death in 1460, Portuguese had sailed as far south as the Gold Coast of West Africa

14. Outcomes of exploration  Clash of cultures – European countries founded many new colonies along the coast of Africa and N and S America – the indigenous people of these areas had their own culture and traditions  Religious conversion – tried to convert indigenous people to Christianity

15. Outcomes, cont.  Spread of disease – explorers and colonists carried malaria, smallpox, and measles – killed thousands of people  Slavery – work force in Europe had been reduced by plague so slaves from Africa were sent to work  Also, conquered indigenous people were made to work as slaves

16.  God  Glory  Gold