1. Memory We will begin with a story…

2. Fact, Fiction, and Forgetting On the next screen, you will see a list of words. Read them quickly:

3. Fact, Fiction, and Forgetting candycaramel soda popchocolate honeycake pieicing fudgecookie cotton candy

4. Fact, Fiction, and Forgetting Did the following words appear on the list you just read? candy, chocolate, sweet

5. Processes of Memory Encoding Put into memory Storage Retrieval Hold in memory Recover from memory

6. Atkinson-Shiffrin Model Environment Sensing Sensory Memory Long Term Memory Attention Short Term Memory Loss Retrieval Elaboration Loss

10. cheese eggs peas syrup apples flour milk Displacement in STM brea d STM (7 slots) Lost from STM eggs peas syrup apples flour milk bread peas syrup apples flour milk bread syrup apples flour milk bread apples flour milk bread flour milk bread milk bread

11. Short Term Memory

14. Long Term Memory (LTM) Depth of Processing Breadth of Processing-elaborative encoding Distributed Practicing Intentional Learning Incidental Learning

15. Measuring Memory Three measures typically used: Recognition Recall Relearning

21. Forgetting Failure to Encode Consolidation Failure Decay Interference Motivated Forgetting Retrieval Failure

23. Amnesia Retrograde amnesia –Infantile amnesia Anterograde amnesia

24. Tip of the Tongue The feeling of being on the verge of recalling something Often you can say what letter it starts with, or how many syllables it has

25. Reconstruction Piecing memory together from a few highlights, then filling in details based on what we think should have happened (schema)

26. False Memories Implanting memories Distinguishing fact from fiction –Reality monitoring –Source amnesia

27. Repressed Memories Memories of early sexual abuse

28. Eye Witness Testimony Relies greatly on reconstructive memory Influential in trials Accuracy is variable

29. Expertise Experts remember more details Probably due to use of elaborative encoding

30. Hypnosis Increases rememberer's confidence & amount of inaccurate information Doesn't increase memory accuracy

31. Factors Affecting Retrieval Serial Position Cues Environmental Context State-Dependence Stress and Anxiety

33. Stress and Memory Performance Stress LowModerateHigh

34. The Hippocampus Deep in the brain

35. The Frontal Lobe

37. Improving Memory Organization Spaced Practice Mnemonic Devices Method of Loci Peg-Word Method Acronyms Overlearning Recall Practice

38. Improving Memory: Tricks and Tools Improving memory retrieval –Mentally reinstate environment in which information was learned –Focus –Keep tying –Think of characteristics of the information sought –Use external cues