1. Space of solutions and generation of possible solutions ID seminar 24-26 October Steffen Petersen PhD-student BYG.DTU and Birch & Krogboe

2. The complexity in building design Energy consumption Daylight Thermal environment Draught The Facade Glass quality Amount of insulation Glass area Orientation Sun screen No. of persons The room Ventilation Heat contribution Degasification Room depth

3. Energy consumption Daylight Thermal environment Air quality Draught The Facade Glass quality Amount of insulation Glass area Orientation Sun screen No. of persons The room Ventilation Heat contribution Degasification Room depth The complexity in building design

4. The Facade No. of person Glass quality Amount of insulation The room Energy consumption Daylight Ventilation Thermal environment Glass area Air quality Draught Orientation Heat contribution Degasification Sun screen Room depth The building Constructional principle Architecture Logistic Function The complexity in building design

5. The Facade No. of person Glass quality Amount of insulation The room Energy consumption Daylight Ventilation Thermal environment Glass area Air quality Draught Orientation Heat contribution Degasification Sun screen Room depth The building Constructional principle Architecture Logistic Function The complexity in building design

6. The answer: Integrated design

7. Step 1: Establishing design goals An office building for 300 persons Energy consumption and CEN 15251 (indoor env.) Energy LE1 LE2 Frame Thermal environment Kl. I Kl. II Kl. III Air quality Kl. I Kl. II Kl. III Daylight4% 3% 2% 1%

8. Step 2: Space of solutions Reference room Geometry Room depth 6 m Room widht 3 m Room height 2,5 m Window geometry2,98 x 1,80 m Panel wall height 0,65 m OrientationSouth Constructions U-value0,2 W/(m2K) Window componentTwo-layer energy glass (U=1,1), standard frame Sun screenNone Thermal massMedium heavy Systems Internal load300W (2 persons v/ laptops) Infiltration0,2 h-1 (or approx. 0,13 l/s m2 - max jf. the building code) VentilationMechanical – ventilation class B (ca. 2 h-1), SEL=1 kJ/m 3 Heat recovery75% CoolingMechanical cooling Elec. lightgeneral max 6 W/m2, work lamps max 2 W/m2 An office room for 2 persons

9. Step 2: Space of solutions Energy and indoor environment for reference Thermal environmnet class A Air quality class B

10. Step 2: Space of solutions Energy and indoor environment - Measure: External sun screen Thermal environmnet class A Air quality class B

11. Step 2: Space of solutions Energy and indoor environment - Measure: External sun screen Thermal environmnet class A Air quality class B

12. Step 2: Space of solutions Energy and indoor environment - Measure: Solar glass Thermal environmnet class A Air quality class B

13. Step 2: Space of solutions Thermal environmnet class A Air quality class B Energy and indoor environment - Measure: Solar glass

14. Generation of possible solutions Possible solution no. 1: Referencemodel with solar glass - Possible window height

15. Generation of possible solutions Possible solution no. 1: Referencemodel with solar glass - Possible window height

16. Generation of possible solutions Possible solution no. 1: Solar glass Conditions: The spatial geometry, constructions and systems of the reference No external sun screen Solar glass Result: Window height between 1,44 and 2,2 m Compliance with performance demands

17. Generation of possible solutions Possible solution no. 2: External sun screen Conditions: The spatial geometry, constructions and systems of the reference External, dynamic sun screen (louvers) Result: Window height between 1,2 and 2,5 m Compliance with performance demands