1. America and the British Empire, 1650-1754

2. Three Distinct Regions
New England
NH, MA, RI, CN
Middle Colonies
NJ, NY, PN, DE
Southern Colonies
NC, SC, GA, VA, MD

3. Geography

4. Non-Indian Pop. of Chesapeake

5. Chesapeake Region Pop.

6. Early Efforts at Colonizing North America (Jamestown, Plymouth)
Little success, much death
No real profits being returned home to England and shareholders
Indian disputes, disease, lack of women make community-building nearly impossible

7. Housing

8. Maryland and the Calverts
Retreat for English Catholics and spectacular real estate investment
Protestants outnumber Catholics
Free worship for Christians
Given freedom by the crown
Had to pay an annual fee
Complete oversight of activities

9. Bacon’s Rebellion
Western landholders unhappy with rule from the east, strike out against natives against orders
Turns into revolt against the entire gov’t of VA
Results
Shows settlers breaking treaties with natives
Power of the masses against the established gov’t

10. Other English Colonies
Caribbean
Sugar and rum
Slave pop. outnumbers English
7 major slave revolts

11. Refining Sugar

12. Leaving Massachusetts Behind
Williams founds RI
Complete separation of church and state
Jews allowed religious freedom
Hutchinson leads movement to NH
She dies before establishment
Followed RI principles of religion

13. Rhode Island

14. New England Colonies Commerce, alongside agriculture, dominate economy
Cold weather, rocky terrain limited farming
Boston and Newport develop

15. New England

16. New England Pop

17. Middle Colonies
More suitable soil than in NE, led to wheat as a staple crop
Philadelphia and NYC develop as major cities

18. Southern Colonies Climate lends itself to large-scale agriculture
Dependence on slave labor, SC pop. over 50% slave
Charlestown develops

19. Mercantilism Sought to maximize the wealth of the mother country
Used colonies as a source of raw materials
Mother country processes materials and can sell finished goods (back to the colonies in particular

20. Triangular (Rum) Trade
Europeans use slave labor to produce in New World, sell goods in Europe, trade goods for slaves in Africa, and repeat

21. Slavery in America Native pop. dies off
Cultivation of tobacco (and sugar in the Caribbean) requires intense labor
Importation of Africans into the sugar islands begins
Slaves sold to English colonies on the mainland

22. Slaves Imported to America

23. Slaves as % of Population