1. International Forum on Metropolitan Statistics - Beijing 2008, 20.-21.10.2008, Andreas Gleich, City of Augsburg (Germany) The statistical territorial structure of Germany in the European context - 1 - Andreas Gleich, City of Augsburg, Germany Bureau for Statistics KOSIS-Project AGK The statistical territorial structure of Germany in the European context International Forum on Metropolitan Statistics - Beijing 2008 Beijing, China, 20.-21.10.2008

2. International Forum on Metropolitan Statistics - Beijing 2008, 20.-21.10.2008, Andreas Gleich, City of Augsburg (Germany) The statistical territorial structure of Germany in the European context - 2 - Territorial Units European NUTS level (fr. Nomenclature des unités territoriales statistiques) = Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics - comparable units - for regional statistics - below the National level - established by Eurostat Nations are identified by two characters: = 2-digit alphanumeric code DE: Deutschland (Germany) DE

3. International Forum on Metropolitan Statistics - Beijing 2008, 20.-21.10.2008, Andreas Gleich, City of Augsburg (Germany) The statistical territorial structure of Germany in the European context - 3 - NUTS levels NUTS level 1 - below the national level - unique 3-digit code - in Germany: DE1 - DEG 16 federal states territorial responsibility equal to NUTS level 1 Federal Statistical Office with statistical state offices - develop the methodology - carry out & coordinate data collection - process the data up to the federal state level <= federal statistical surveys are decentralised mostly DE Germany DE3 Berlin DE2 Bavaria

4. International Forum on Metropolitan Statistics - Beijing 2008, 20.-21.10.2008, Andreas Gleich, City of Augsburg (Germany) The statistical territorial structure of Germany in the European context - 4 - NUTS level 2 and below NUTS level 2 in Germany - only in larger federal states - 39 administrative districts or regions - no own statistical institutions - integrated with 1 digit in the German code - gathered and provided for Eurostat mainly NUTS level 3 in Germany - cities and counties (~430) LAU level 2 - formerly NUTS 5 (Local Administrative Units) - more then 12.000 communities provided by the states offices DE2xx Bavaria DE254 Nuremberg DE271 Augsburg DE212 Munich

5. International Forum on Metropolitan Statistics - Beijing 2008, 20.-21.10.2008, Andreas Gleich, City of Augsburg (Germany) The statistical territorial structure of Germany in the European context - 5 - NUTS levels and national administrative units Inconsistency between the NUTS levels and the national administrative units - several NUTS or LAU are not in use Units without sub-division and the unit with the maximum number are marked (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/ramon/nuts/introannex_regions_en.html) E.g. only NUTS 1 level is defined for Cyprus (CY) in NUTS level 3 statistics: the data of the Country Cyprus is in the same table with the cities and counties of Germany. => Cyprus is at the same level as Berlin but also as Germany, Bavaria, Swabia and Augsburg

6. International Forum on Metropolitan Statistics - Beijing 2008, 20.-21.10.2008, Andreas Gleich, City of Augsburg (Germany) The statistical territorial structure of Germany in the European context - 6 - Comparison: NUTS level 1 - 3 Area (km²) and Population (1,000) of the regions - differences between quantity and quality of the countries regions differ greatly in terms of area, population, economic strength … => Challenge of comparability of some regions.

7. International Forum on Metropolitan Statistics - Beijing 2008, 20.-21.10.2008, Andreas Gleich, City of Augsburg (Germany) The statistical territorial structure of Germany in the European context - 7 - This comparability-problem exists also within a territorial unit: - huge cities like Berlin and little cities with less than 10000 citizens - in some federal states there are no administration districts <= if a level not exists the higher level is used - so-called city-states with the status of both, a city and a federal state (Berlin, Hamburg and Bremen [with Bremerhaven]) <= in city-states NUTS 3 statistics are the same as NUTS 1 statistics Germany (NUTS 1) Bavaria (LAU 2 / NUTS 5) Comparison on the national level

8. International Forum on Metropolitan Statistics - Beijing 2008, 20.-21.10.2008, Andreas Gleich, City of Augsburg (Germany) The statistical territorial structure of Germany in the European context - 8 - Sub-city level in Germany managed with AGK The 3 basic elements of the standard geographical reference system: - streets (lookup table with keys and names of the streets) - postal addresses (street, house number and appendix) - sides of a building block (section of a street) in a unique hierarchical alphanumeric coding system. - covering the total area of the city based on the structure - the hierarchical code can be assigned to all data and - any new address and the data which are related to it can be located automatically in any sub-city level.

9. International Forum on Metropolitan Statistics - Beijing 2008, 20.-21.10.2008, Andreas Gleich, City of Augsburg (Germany) The statistical territorial structure of Germany in the European context - 9 - Further capabilities of the alphanumeric coding system AGK - Flexible regional reference system for actual and historical data! It can be used to identify, associate and aggregate any territorial regions, like building blocks, sub-city district and administrative units, like constituencies, postal code areas, school districts … In combination with geometry any information identified by an address or by coordinates, the code of any of the elements of the system can automatically be mapped or evaluated together with the content data by Geographical Information Systems (GIS).

10. International Forum on Metropolitan Statistics - Beijing 2008, 20.-21.10.2008, Andreas Gleich, City of Augsburg (Germany) The statistical territorial structure of Germany in the European context - 10 - Comparison on the sub-city level Like on the NUTS or national levels there exist similar differences on the sub-city level. However - better than between the NUTS and LAU levels because - all sub city levels covering the whole area of the city and - the boundaries are created by structural reasons Sub-city level 2Sub-city level 3 The heterogeneity at a level is often only the reflection of the situation existing at the level.

11. International Forum on Metropolitan Statistics - Beijing 2008, 20.-21.10.2008, Andreas Gleich, City of Augsburg (Germany) The statistical territorial structure of Germany in the European context - 11 - Summary There exists codes for the European, National und sub-city level. By these hierarchical codes data can easily be aggregated for sub-city, urban, federal, national and European statistics or metropolitan areas. It is possible to group and aggregate statistical content data according to the specific geographical questions to be answered. The German municipal statistical offices contribute data for sub-city-districts and local data to Metropolitan Regions and to the European Urban Audit, thus acting as a second pillar for the European sub-national data collection.

12. International Forum on Metropolitan Statistics - Beijing 2008, 20.-21.10.2008, Andreas Gleich, City of Augsburg (Germany) The statistical territorial structure of Germany in the European context - 12 - From the international to the sub-city level Detailed information from the Eurostat Data Service (EDS) on the national level provided by the Eurostat, the Statistical Office of the European Communities in cooperation with the German Federal Statistical Office - of the European Union and its Member States, - the Euro area and the major EU partners - free of charge offered in German and in English - www.eds-destatis.de. On the national, federal and city level the Federal Statistical Office provides statistics. In Germany the Bureau for Statistics of German municipalities produces statistics on the city and sub-city level for administrative and local data.

13. International Forum on Metropolitan Statistics - Beijing 2008, 20.-21.10.2008, Andreas Gleich, City of Augsburg (Germany) The statistical territorial structure of Germany in the European context - 13 - Thank you for your Attention!

14. International Forum on Metropolitan Statistics - Beijing 2008, 20.-21.10.2008, Andreas Gleich, City of Augsburg (Germany) The statistical territorial structure of Germany in the European context - 14 - Excursion: Comparison on the national level The Federal Statistical Office Germany publishes data in comparison - on the national level - from an economic, social and ecological point of view - based on data recently released by Eurostat. „China and the European Union from a statistical point of view“

15. International Forum on Metropolitan Statistics - Beijing 2008, 20.-21.10.2008, Andreas Gleich, City of Augsburg (Germany) The statistical territorial structure of Germany in the European context - 15 -... China and the European Union Topic of the month August 2008 (http://www.eds-destatis.de/en/tdm/arch.php)

16. International Forum on Metropolitan Statistics - Beijing 2008, 20.-21.10.2008, Andreas Gleich, City of Augsburg (Germany) The statistical territorial structure of Germany in the European context - 16 - Comparison of the codes The national code can be translated into a Eurostat code to aggregate the content data by grouping at the required level. The statistical offices of the federal states in cooperation with the Federal Statistical Office publishes - NUTS 3 data, - combined with the aggregation to the NUTS 2 and NUTS 1 level Excerpt of the ordered result for population in NUTS 3 (https://www.regionalstatistik.de/)