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P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 1 Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS.

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Presentation on theme: "P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 1 Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS."— Presentation transcript:

1 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 1 Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS NA49 experiment Recent results on inclusive production –Baryon stopping (E.Kornas, C.Blume) –He3, tritium production (V.Kolesnikov) –Intermediate p T results (A.Laszlo, T.Schuster) –Elliptic flow (G.Stefanek) Status of fluctuation measurements (K.Grebieszkow, M.Rybczynski, B.Lungwitz, C.+G.Roland) Future plans P.Seyboth, Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich for the NA49 collaboration Results on pion source imaging → talk by R.Lacey

2 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 2 C. Alt, T. Anticic, B. Baatar, D. Barna, J. Bartke, L. Betev, H. Białkowska, C. Blume, B. Boimska, M. Botje, J. Bracinik, R. Bramm, P. Bunčić, V. Cerny, P. Christakoglou, P. Chung, O. Chvala, J.G. Cramer, P. Csató, P. Dinkelaker, V. Eckhardt, D. Flierl, Z. Fodor, P. Foka, V. Friese, J. Gál, M. Gaździcki, V. Genchev, G. Georgopoulos, E. Gładysz, K. Grebieszkow, S. Hegyi, C. Höhne, K. Kadija, A. Karev, D. Kikola, M. Kliemant, S. Kniege, V.I. Kolesnikov, E. Kornas, R. Korus, M. Kowalski, I. Kraus, M. Kreps, A. Laszlo, R. Lacey, M. van Leeuwen, P. Lévai, L. Litov, B. Lungwitz, M. Makariev, A.I. Malakhov, M. Mateev, G.L. Melkumov, A. Mischke, M. Mitrovski, J. Molnár, S. Mrówczyński, V. Nicolic, G. Pálla, A.D. Panagiotou, D. Panayotov, A. Petridis, W. Peryt, M. Pikna, J. Pluta, D. Prindle, F. Pühlhofer, R. Renfordt, C. Roland, G. Roland, M. Rybczyński, A. Rybicki, A. Sandoval, N. Schmitz, T. Schuster, P. Seyboth, F. Siklér, B. Sitar, E. Skrzypczak, M. Slodkowski, G. Stefanek, R. Stock, C. Strabel, H. Ströbele, T. Susa, I. Szentpétery, J. Sziklai, M. Szuba, P. Szymanski, V. Trubnikov, D. Varga, M. Vassiliou, G.I. Veres, G. Vesztergombi, D. Vranić, A. Wetzler, Z. Włodarczyk, A. Wojtaszek, I.K. Yoo, and J. Zimányi The NA49 Collaboration

3 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 3 The NA49 Detector Target: Pb foil, 20cm liquid H 2 VCAL detects projectile spectators Δp/p 2 = 7 (0.3) 10 -4 (GeV/c) -1 (VTPC-1, VTPC+MTPC) Particle identification: dE/dx (3 – 6 %), TOF (~ 60 ps) decay topology (K 0, Λ, Ξ, Ω) p > 7 GeV/c dE/dx forward rapidity 2.5 < p < 10 GeV/c TOF + dE/dx at midrapidity

4 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 4 Baryon stopping (1) Proton and antiproton rapidity spectra in central Pb+Pb collisions new results from dE/dx analysis at forward rapidities published results from TOF analysis at midrapidity (PRC73(2006)044910) NA49 preliminary pp evolution of shape, decrease of yieldGaussian shape, increase of yield

5 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 5 Baryon stopping (2) net-baryon distributions in central 7% Pb+Pb collisions construction of net-baryon distributions: scaling factors taken from statistical model fits F.Becattini et al., PRC73 (2006) 044905 NA49 preliminary 20A GeV 30A GeV 40A GeV 80A GeV

6 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 6 Baryon stopping (3) NA49 preliminary evolution of net-baryon rapidity distributions pronounced change of shape at SPS energies peak -> dip structure net-baryon density decreases rapidly at mid-rapidity

7 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 7 Baryon stopping (4) energy dependence of projectile rapidity loss /y p Central Pb+Pb/Au+Au preliminary at AGS, SPS constant ≈ 0.6 decrease at RHIC energies reproduced by UrQMD ≈ 0.38 (UrQMD: M.Bleicher, Florence Workshop)

8 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 8 Baryon stopping (5) energy dependence of inelasticity K Inelasticity: central A+A collisions NA49 preliminary Total inel. energy per net-baryon: Energy of single net-baryon: Inelasticity saturates at K = 0.7-0.8 above SPS

9 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 9 light fragments (1) 3 He t d 3He identification: dE/dx + TOF NA49 preliminary t Central Pb+Pb |y | < 1.0 NA49 preliminary 3 He Central Pb+Pb |y | < 1.0

10 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 10 light fragments (2) coalescence paramater from p spectra: NA49 preliminary penalty factor agrees with statistical hadron gas prediction mid-rapidity yields p d He3 gradual decrease with energy

11 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 11 light fragments (3) NA49 preliminary 3 He Central Pb+Pb total yields estimated from parabolic fits up to |y beam | (motivated by RQMD) 3 He Central Pb+Pb 4  yields NA49 preliminary yields show surprising agreement with statistical hadron gas model F.Becattini et al., PRC73 (2006) 044905

12 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 12 light fragments (4) coalescence model blast wave model 20A GeV NA49 preliminary Central Pb+Pb |y | < 1.0 larger T, smaller required for d, 3 He constant density, v(r) = v f (r/R f ) α → - m ~ A 1-α (A.Pollieri et al., PLB419 (1998) 19) linear velocity increase ok

13 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 13 Intermediate p T results (1) baryon/meson ratio deviates from blast-wave (hydro) for p T > 1.2 GeV/c as at RHIC SPS data reach coalescence range but end below pQCD region

14 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 14 Intermediate p T results (2) Baryon/meson ratio at SPS vs RHIC SPS: central Pb+Pb at √s= 17.3 GeV RHIC: central Au+Au at √s= 200 GeV same relative increase with p T at SPS and RHIC

15 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 15 Intermediate p T results (3) nuclear suppression factor of pions at SPS and RHIC SPS NA49 preliminary RHIC Phenix similar increase of ratio at SPS in pPb and PbPb (Cronin effect) approaches binary scaling at SPS in accessible p T range PbPb/pp NA49 preliminary pPb/pp Cronin

16 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 16 elliptic flow v 2 in Pb+Pb collisions at 158AGeV blast wave fits ok overprediction by pure hydro model preliminary K 0 unexpectedly low KE T = m T – m (A.Adare et al.,nucl-ex/0608033) reasonable scaling also at SPS coalescence region not reached

17 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 17 Changes of hadron production properties in central Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN SPS energies are not reproduced by models without onset of deconfinement at low SPS energies strangeness/pion slope of p T spectra AGS SPS AGS SPS RHIC

18 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 18 Freeze-out parameters determined from hadron yields for central Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN SPS are close to the predicted phase boundary between hadron gas and quark-gluon plasma A critical point of strongly interacting matter is predicted by QCD. It may be discovered as a maximum of fluctuations in a comprehensive energy and system size scan at the CERN SPS and low energy RHIC baryochemical potential temperature hadron gas analysis: F.Becattini et al., PRC73(2006)044905 lattice QCD results: Z.Fodor and S.Katz, JHEP 04(2004)050

19 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 19 Event-by-event fluctuations of negative hadron multiplicity fluctuations measured at forward rapidity (1.1 < y π < 2.6) where azimuthal acceptance is best number of projectile participants fixed by projectile spectator energy cut; no restriction on target participants central collisions: fluctuations nearly Poissonian (independent emission) peripheral collisions: fluctuations exceed Poissonian Pb+Pb at 158AGeV, 1.1 < y π < 2.6 measure: ω = Var(n  )/

20 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 20 Event-by-event fluctuations of negative hadron multiplicity rise due to effect of fluctuating target participants ? reproduced by string models with string fusion (QGSM+fusion) 158AGeV 1.1 < y π < 2.6 fluctuations in central Pb+Pb small and nearly energy independent trend in statistical models due to conservation laws 1.1 (1.0) < y π < 2.6 (y beam ) NA49 preliminary centrality energy L.Cunqueiro et al.,PRC69(2005)024907

21 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 21 Event-by-event fluctuations of (negative hadrons) distributions of similar for real and mixed events no evidence for distinct event classes non-statistical (dynamical) fluctuations are small, < few % 1.1 < y π < 2.6 measure: Φ pT

22 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 22 Event-by-event fluctuations of (negative hadrons) increase for peripheral collisions effect of string fusion ? NA49 preliminary 1.1 < y π < 2.6 STAR 158A GeV 1.1 < y π < 2.6 no significant change with energy for central Pb+Pb collisions 1.1 < y π < 2.6 centrality energy

23 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 23 The Event-by-Event K/π ratio Beam Energy σ 2 dyn = σ 2 data – σ 2 mixed maximum likelihood fit for each event NA49 preliminary STAR Fluctuations increase at lower energy effect of onset of deconfinement ? M.Gorenstein et al.,PLB585(2004)237

24 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 24 The Event-by-Event (p + p)/π ratio Beam Energy The distribution of the E-by-E p/π ratio is narrower for data than mixed events. Effect of baryon resonance decay ? NA49 preliminary

25 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 25 Future Plans Search for the QCD critical point in fluctuations → scan lower SPS energies and smaller size nuclei Proposal CERN-SPSC-2006-034/P-330: under consideration at SPSC ( upgraded NA49 detector )

26 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 26 Backup Slides

27 P.Seyboth: Results from NA49 at the CERN SPS 23rd Winter Worshop on Nuclear Dynamics - Big Sky, February 12-17, 2007 27 Pb+Pb collisions at top SPS energy Initial energy density exceeds the critical value predicted by lattice QCD ( ≈ 1 GeV / fm 3 ) Strong collective behavior –anisotropic and radial flow –transverse expansion of the matter droplet by factor 2 Proposed signatures for deconfinement observed –strangeness enhancement –J/Ψ,Ψ’ yield suppression –di-lepton enhancement, ρ 0 modification (circumstantial evidence for a new state of matter (2000)  Validate by a search for a threshold in the largest collision system (central Pb+Pb reactions)  SPS energy scan: 20, 30, 40, 80, 158 GeV/nucleon (√s NN = 6.3, 7.6, 8.7, 12.3, 17.3 GeV)

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