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Allantois / placenta
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Figure 2.22 The Amniote Chick Egg, Showing the Membranes Enfolding the 7-Day Embryo Chick Embryo
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Human Embryo
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NOW- Signaling in patterning in other systems VERTEBRATE…+
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Figure 10.22(1) Summary of Experiments by Nieuwkoop and by Nakamura and Takasaki, Showing Mesodermal Induction by Vegetal Endoderm
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Figure 10.23 The Regional Specificity of Mesoderm Iinduction Can Be Demonstrated by Recombining Blastomeres of 32-Cell Xenopus Embryos
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Figure 10.22(2) Summary of Experiments by Nieuwkoop and by Nakamura and Takasaki, Showing Mesodermal Induction by Vegetal Endoderm
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Figure 10.24 The Role of Wnt Pathway Proteins in Dorsal-Ventral Axis Specification Inject Dominant Inactive GSK-3
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No Active No
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Figure 10.25(1) Model of the Mechanism by which the Disheveled Protein Stabilizes b-catenin in the Dorsal Portion of the Amphibian Egg
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Figure 10.25(2) Model of the Mechanism by which the Disheveled Protein Stabilizes b-catenin in the Dorsal Portion of the Amphibian Egg
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No Active No Beta-catenin signal on dorsal, not ventral side of embryo
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Figure 23.13 Three Modifications of the Wnt Pathway
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Overlap of TGF-beta signal and Beta-catenin signal specifies Nieuwkoop center
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Figure 10.26 Events Hypothesized to Bring about the Induction of the Organizer in the Dorsal Mesoderm In organizer
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Figure 10.27 Mesoderm Induction and Organizer Formation by the Interaction of b-catenin And TGF-b Proteins
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The Organizer:
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Figure 4.16(1) Microarray Analysis of Those Genes Whose Expression in the Early Xenopus Embryo Is Caused by the Activin-Like Protein Nodal-Related 1 (Xnr1)
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Figure 4.16(2) Microarray Analysis of Those Genes Whose Expression in the Early Xenopus Embryo Is Caused by the Activin-Like Protein Nodal-Related 1 (Xnr1)
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Figure 10.28 Ability of goosecoid mRNA to Induce a New Axis
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Figure 10.31 Localization of Noggin mRNA in the Organizer Tissue, Shown by In Situ Hybridization Noggin is secreted protein, interacts with BMPs
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Figure 10.30 Rescue of Dorsal Structures by Noggin Protein
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Figure 10.32 Localization of Chordin mRNA Chordin protein also interacts with BMPs
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Figure 10.34 Cerberus mRNA injected into a Single D4 Blastomere of a 32-Cell Xenopus Embryo Induces Head Structures as Well as a Duplicated Heart and Liver Cerebrus also interacts with BMPs
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Figure 10.33 Model for the Action of the Organizer
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Figure 23.14 Homologous Pathways Specifying Neural Ectoderm in Protostomes (Drosophila) and Deuterostomes (Xenopus)
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Figure 10.35 Paracrine Factors From the Organizer are Able to Block Certain Other Paracrine Factors
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Figure 10.36 Xwnt8 Is Capable of Ventralizing the Mesoderm and Preventing Anterior Head Formation in the Ectoderm
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Figure 10.37 Frzb Expression and Function
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Figure 10.39 Ectodermal Bias Toward Neurulation
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Figure 10.40 Regional Specificity of Induction can be Demonstrated by Implanting Different Regions (Color) of the Archenteron Roof into Early Triturus Gastrulae
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Figure 10.41 Regionally Specific Inducing Action of the Dorsal Blastopore Lip
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Figure 10.42(3) The Wnt Signaling Pathway and Posteriorization of the Neural Tube
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Figure 10.44 Organizer Function and Axis Specification in the Xenopus Gastrula
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Beta-catenin NON-FROG
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Figure 8.11 Ability of the Micromeres to Induce Presumptive Ectodermal Cells to Acquire Other Fates
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Figure 8.12(1) The Role of b-catenin in Specifying the Vegetal Cells of the Sea Urchin Embryo
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Figure 8.12(2) The Role of b-catenin in Specifying the Vegetal Cells of the Sea Urchin Embryo
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Figure 8.12(3) The Role of b-catenin in Specifying the Vegetal Cells of the Sea Urchin Embryo
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Figure 8.13 The Micromere Regulatory Network Proposed by Davidson and Colleagues (2002)
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Figure 8.14(1) A Model of Endoderm Specification
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Figure 8.14(2) A Model of Endoderm Specification
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Figure 8.14(3) A Model of Endoderm Specification
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Figure 11.9 Axis formation in the Zebrafish Embryo
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Figure 11.8 The Embryonic Shield as Organizer in the Fish Embryo Sonic Hedgehog In ventral midline
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Figure 11.10 B-Catenin Activates Organizer Genes in the Zebrafish
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Figure 11.18 Formation of the Nieuwkoop Center in Frogs And Chicks
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Figure 11.19 Formation of Hensen’s Node From Koller’s Sickle
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Figure 8.39 Autonomous Specification by a Morphogenetic Factor
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Figure 8.40 Antibody Staining of b-catenin Protein Shows Its Involvement with Endoderm Formation
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Figure 4.17 In Situ Hybridization Showing the Expression of the Pax6 Gene in the Developing Mouse Eye EYE
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Figure 4.17 In Situ Hybridization Showing the Expression of the Pax6 Gene in the Developing Mouse Eye
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Figure 4.18(1) Whole-Mount In Situ Hybridization Localizing Pax6 mRNA in Early Chick Embryos
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Figure 4.18(2) Whole-Mount In Situ Hybridization Localizing Pax6 mRNA in Early Chick Embryos
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Figure 5.7 Regulatory Regions of the Mouse Pax6 Gene
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Figure 5.15 The Enhancer Trap Technique
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Figure 5.16 Targeted Expression of the Pax6 Gene in a Drosophila Non-eye Imaginal Disc
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Figure 6.1 Ectodermal Competence and the Ability to Respond to the Optic Vesicle Inducer in Xenopus
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Figure 6.2 Induction of Optic and Nasal Structures by Pax6 in the Rat Embryo
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Figure 6.3 Recombination Experiments with Pax6-Deficient Rats
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Figure 6.4(1) Lens Induction in Amphibians
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Figure 6.4(2) Lens Induction in Amphibians
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Figure 6.4(3) Lens Induction in Amphibians
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Figure 6.5(3) Schematic Diagram of the Induction of the Mouse Lens
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