1. Cumulus clouds

2. Cumulus

3. What do Cu tell us? What can we deduce about the state of the atmosphere from: –The presence of Cu? –The nature of the Cu? What other observations can help supplement and complement our knowledge of Cu and how?

4. What do Cu tell us? About stability About moisture About the wind About anything else

5. Cu Development From boundary layer forcing (warming) Often over warm water Little wind shear Growth occurs downstream with increased forcing and boundary layer depth

7. Open and closed cells and the jetstream

8. Jet stream position Closed cell Cu form from radiative cooling at top of boundary layer, resulting in darker cooler clouds Division between open and closed cells can indicate position of the jetstream (a little poleward of the boundary)

9. Conceptual diagram 1

10. Once more