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BME 130 – Genomes Lecture 23 Genome evolution I: Mutations, repair, and recombination.

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Presentation on theme: "BME 130 – Genomes Lecture 23 Genome evolution I: Mutations, repair, and recombination."— Presentation transcript:

1 BME 130 – Genomes Lecture 23 Genome evolution I: Mutations, repair, and recombination

2 Transitions A  G C  T Transversions A  C A  T C  G T  G

3 When and how do mutations happen?

4 DNA polymerases are not perfect: DNA polIII error rate =~ 1 x 10 -7

5

6 Minimizing polymerase error

7 Polymerase slippage leads to indels

8 Slippage can get progressively worse

9 Mutagens and other -agens

10 Chemical mutagens

11 Figure 16.6a Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)

12

13

14 (nitrous acid)

15

16 Physical mutagens

17 UV radiation

18 Abasic site

19

20 Consequences of mutations

21 Mutations in gene sequence

22 Figure 16.12 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)

23 Figure 16.13 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)

24 Figure 16.14 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)

25 DNA repair

26 Minor pathway

27

28

29

30 Recognizes distortion of DNA double helix

31 Similar concept for eukaryotes; TFIIH helicase is used; transcription coupled repair

32 Base mismatch: who is right?

33

34 DNA break repair

35

36

37 SOS! (why only in bacteria?)

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