1. Nutrient Management Workbook 2009
Jon Rausch, Amanda Meddles
& Robert Mullen
Ohio State University Extension

2. Objective
Development a nutrient management plan for each field of the farming operation.
Focus on those utilizing animal manure.
Take Home:
General understanding of this Nutrient Management Workbook
Steps toward and approved Nutrient Management Plan

3. Outline Identify available soil resources.
Identify manure nutrients available.
Identify the nutrient needs of growing crop.
Identify sources of nutrients available for that crop.
Allocate and balance available nutrients by field.
Estimate nutrient carry-over, if any, and the value of that carry-over.
Identify spreadable acres available for manure application.
Estimate number of acres needed to recycle manure nutrients generated by your operation.
Identify steps toward an approved plan.

4. Heritage Lane Farms
2009

6. Example Farm
Throughout this presentation an example is provided based on a farm that is currently housing 37,000 broilers in a 60 x 600 barn. The farm has 200 cropping acres. This farm has a rotation of corn, soybeans and wheat and fertilizes his fields with manure from the poultry operation. This is supplemented with commercial fertilizer when necessary. The field used throughout this book as an example is Brown 1 or B1. It is 30 acres and will be planted in corn. The previous crop was soybeans. Examples based on this scenario can be found in different sections throughout the presentation in gray boxes like this one.
Page 1

7. Soils/Field Data Field Plan EXAMPLE Field Information Brown 160 bu/ac
Meq/100g
Brown
160 bu/ac 30 20
250
ppm
Corn B1
Silt Loam
Soybeans
lb/ac
OSU Fact Sheet: Soil Sampling, Handling & Testing

8. Soil Test-Preferred

9. Yield response NOT likely
Yield response likely
Increasing  9

10. Soil Test Critical Values
K at CEC P 5 10 20 30
Crop
ppm (lb/acre)
ppm
(lb/acre)
Corn
(30)
88 (175)
100 (200)
125 (250)
150 (300)
Soybean
Wheat
(50) 10

11. No Soil Test Nutrient ppm lb/ac P2O5- Corn and soybeans 15 30
Assumes maintenance level
Nutrient
ppm
lb/ac
P2O5- Corn and soybeans 15 30
P2O5- wheat and alfalfa 25 50
K2O- all crops
125
250
Nutrient
ppm
lb/ac
P2O5- Corn and soybeans 15 30
P2O5- wheat and alfalfa 25 50
K2O- all crops
125
250
Nutrient
ppm
lb/ac
P2O5- Corn and soybeans 15 30
P2O5- wheat and alfalfa 25 50
K2O- all crops
125
250
Nutrient
ppm
lb/ac
P2O5- Corn and soybeans 15 30
P2O5- wheat and alfalfa 25 50
K2O- all crops
125
250
Nutrient
ppm
lb/ac
P2O5- Corn and soybeans 15 30
P2O5- wheat and alfalfa 25 50
K2O- all crops
125
250
Nutrient
ppm
lb/ac
P2O5- Corn and soybeans 15 30
P2O5- wheat and alfalfa 25 50
K2O- all crops
125
250
Nutrient
ppm
lb/ac
P2O5- Corn and soybeans 15 30
P2O5- wheat and alfalfa 25 50
K2O- all crops
125
250
Page 2

12. Winter application see page 17
Example Farm
Broilers
14.22 53 36
Winter application see page 17

13. Manure Test-Preferred14

14. Manure Nutrients Page 3 Example
This broiler example uses book values, due to a lack of manure test results, from Table 3 of 12 lb/ton of NH3-N, 34 lb/ton of Organic N (ON), 53 lb/ton of P2O5 and 36 lb/ton of K2O which will be applied in September and incorporated within 1 day.
PAN: (34 x .33) + (12 x .25) = lb/ton
P2O5: 53 lb/ton
K2O: 36 lb/ton
PAN is Plant Available Nitrogen. This is the amount of Nitrogen available to the crop based on time of application and method of application.
Page 3

15. Page 3-4

16. Time of Year
page 5

17. Calculating PAN- Example Farm12 34
14.22
Test 1
15.1
25%
38.4
33%
16.45
15% diff.
PAN worksheet top of page 3

18. Winter (Frozen & Snow Covered) application see page 17
Example Farm
Poultry
14.22 53 36
Winter (Frozen & Snow Covered) application see page 17

19. Example Nutrient Worksheet
ton/ac
gal/ac D
Starter Fertilizer Applied J
Years to Next Nutrient Application
Additional Nutrients Needed E
Manure Application Rate F G
Manure Nutrients Applied I
Crop Nutrient Balance
Additional Nutrients Applied H
Crop Nutrient Needs C

20. Example Farm Page 5 Example
A poultry farmer expects 160 bu/ac of grain corn in field B1. The previous crop was soybeans. Nutrient recommendations without soil test values are:
PAN: 160 lb/ac P2O5: 60 lb/ac K2O: 65 lb/ac
Page 5

21. Corn Silage use 1T/ac = 6 bu/ac; 160 bu/ac = 26.6 T/ac silage
Page 6

22. Yield Potential– bu/ac
P2O5 Recommendation
Yield Potential– bu/ac
Soil Test
100
120
140
160
180
ppm (lb/ac)
lb P2O5 per acre
5 (10)1 85 95
110
115
10 (20) 60 70 75 90
15-30 (30-60)2 35 45 50 65
35 (70) 20 25 30
40 (80)
Page 6-8

23. Yield Potential– bu/acre
Table 12: Corn K2O Recommendations at CEC level 20 meq/100g
Yield Potential– bu/acre
Soil test K
100
120
140
160
180
ppm (lb/ac)
lb K2O per acre
50 (100)1
195
200
210
215
220
75 (150)
145
150
165
170
100(200) 95
110
115
( )2 45 50 60 65 70
165 (330) 25 30 35
175 (350)
1 Values in parentheses are lb/ac.
2 Maintenance recommendations are given for this soils test range.
Page 8-10

24. Example Nutrient Worksheet
ton/ac
gal/ac D
Starter Fertilizer Applied J
Years to Next Nutrient Application
Additional Nutrients Needed E
Manure Application Rate F G
Manure Nutrients Applied I
Crop Nutrient Balance
Additional Nutrients Applied H
Crop Nutrient Needs C

25. Example - Liquid Fertilizer (used in this example)
5 gal/ac of are applied at planting. The fertilizer contains 10% PAN, 34% P2O5, and 0% K2O. The application rate is 5 gal/ac x 11.7 lb/gal =
58.5 lb/ac.
PAN: lb/ac x 10% = 6
P2O5: lb/ac x 34% = 20
K2O: lb/ac x 0% = 0
Example - Dry Fertilizer
Diammonium phosphate has a blend of ( ) applied at 150 lb/ac. The fertilizer contains 18% PAN, 46% P2O5 and 0% K2O.
PAN: 150 lb/ac x 18% = 27 lb/ac
P2O5: 150 lb/ac x 46% = 69 lb/ac or 14 lbs/ac
K2O: 150 lb/ac x 0% = 0 lb/ac

26. Example Nutrient Worksheet
ton/ac
gal/ac D
Starter Fertilizer Applied J
Years to Next Nutrient Application
Additional Nutrients Needed E
Manure Application Rate F G
Manure Nutrients Applied I
Crop Nutrient Balance
Additional Nutrients Applied H
Crop Nutrient Needs C

27. Example Nutrient Worksheet
ton/ac
gal/ac D
Starter Fertilizer Applied J
Years to Next Nutrient Application
Additional Nutrients Needed E
Manure Application Rate F G
Manure Nutrients Applied I
Crop Nutrient Balance
Additional Nutrients Applied H
Crop Nutrient Needs C

28. Example
The poultry farmer decides to base his application rate on the nitrogen need of the corn crop. Field B1 needs 154 lb/ac of PAN (from E: Additional Nutrients Needed) and the manure has a value of lb/ton.
PAN Application Rate = 154 lb/ac / lb/ton = 10.8 ton/ac
If he chose to use P2O5: 40 lb/ac / 53 lb/ton = 0.75 ton/ac
If he chose to use K2O: 65 lb/ac / 36 lb/ton = 1.8 ton/ac
Page 12
See also: NRCS-633, Table 4, page 13

29. Manure Nutrients Applied
Nutrient Applied (lb/ac)
Application rate (ton/ac)
10.8
0.75
1.8
N (14.22lb/ton)
154 11 26
P2O5 (53lb/ton)
572 40 95
K2O (36lb/ton)
389 27 65

30. Determining Application Rate
“P” Soil Test Level
Application Criteria
Bray-Kurtz P1 < 80 Lbs/Ac
LOW POTENTIAL
N rate or P2O5.
Bray-Kurtz P1
80 – 200 Lbs/Ac
MODERATE POTENTAL
N rate or P2O5 removal for rotation, whichever is less.
Lbs/Ac
HIGH POTENTIAL
N rate or P2O5 removal for rotation, whichever is less PLUS additional setback criteria from drainageway/water source/concentrated flow areas and/or other environmentally sensitive areas.
Bray-Kurtz P1 > 300 Lbs/Ac
VERY HIGH POTENTIAL
No additional P2O5 – Use P2O5 Draw-down Strategies

31. Manure Nutrients Applied
Example
Manure Nutrient Values for field B1 are lb/ton of PAN, 53 lb/ton of P2O5 and 36 lb/ton of K2O. The application rate calculated previously was 10.8 ton/ac. However, he cannot apply more than 250 lb/ac of P2O5. Therefore his application rate will be 4 ton/ac.
PAN: lb/ton x 4 ton/ac = 57 lb/ac
P2O5: 53 lb/ton x 4 ton/ac = 212 lb/ac
K2O: 36 lb/ton x 4 ton/ac = 144 lb/ac
Page 13

32. Example Nutrient Worksheet
ton/ac
gal/ac D
Starter Fertilizer Applied J
Years to Next Nutrient Application
Additional Nutrients Needed E
Manure Application Rate F G
Manure Nutrients Applied I
Crop Nutrient Balance
Additional Nutrients Applied H
Crop Nutrient Needs C 4

33. Additional Nutrients PSNT: Pre Side-dress Nitrogen Test
Applicable for fields with history of manure application
Designed to capture ON cycling
Sample just prior to side-dress N application
Indicator of NO3-N + NH4-N available
30 ppm sufficient PAN, low probability of yield response with additional N
0 – 30 ppm, higher probability of yield response with additional N
Page 13

34. Example Nutrient Worksheet
ton/ac
gal/ac D
Starter Fertilizer Applied J
Years to Next Nutrient Application
Additional Nutrients Needed E
Manure Application Rate F G
Manure Nutrients Applied I
Crop Nutrient Balance
Additional Nutrients Applied H
Crop Nutrient Needs C 4

35. Example Nutrient Worksheet
ton/ac
gal/ac D
Starter Fertilizer Applied J
Years to Next Nutrient Application
Additional Nutrients Needed E
Manure Application Rate F G
Manure Nutrients Applied I
Crop Nutrient Balance
Additional Nutrients Applied H
Crop Nutrient Needs C 4

36. Nutrient Worksheet Example:
Remaining Nutrients for P2O5: 172 / 60 = 2.8
Remaining Nutrients for K2O: 79 / 65 = 1.2
Page 14

37. Nutrient Carry-over
Apply based on N needs of crop when applicable and P for rotation.
2.8 year carry-over means the need for more P is not likely for 2-3 years, but dependant upon crop rotation and soil test level.

38. Example Nutrient Worksheet
ton/ac
gal/ac D
Starter Fertilizer Applied J
Years to Next Nutrient Application
Additional Nutrients Needed E
Manure Application Rate F G
Manure Nutrients Applied I
Crop Nutrient Balance
Additional Nutrients Applied H
Crop Nutrient Needs C 4

39. Nutrient Worksheet K L M Spreadable Acreage (field sketch on back)
Value of Excess Nutrients Applied M
Manure Storage Management
Volume Applied =
Volume Remaining =

40. Backside of worksheet

41. Common Set-backs
Page 15

42. Nutrient Worksheet K L M Spreadable Acreage (field sketch on back)
Value of Excess Nutrients Applied M
Manure Storage Management
Volume Applied =
Volume Remaining =
28.9

43. Example
I: Crop Nutrient Balance shows a negative number for P2O5 and K2O which means there is an over application of those nutrients. There is an excess of 212 lb/ac of P2O5 and 79 lb/ac of K2O. The current market prices for fertilizer are:
N= $0.89/lb P2O5= $1.35/lb K2O= $1.10/lb
P2O5: 172 lb/ac x $1.35/lb x 28.9 ac = $6,710.58
K2O: 79 lb/ac x $1.10/lb x 28.9 ac = $2,511.41
Total dollars in excess nutrients applied to field B1 equals $9,221.99
$1,839
$1,484
$3,323
Fertilizer value used June ‘09:
Urea = $420/ton = $0.46/lb N
DAP $500/ton = $0.37/lb P2O5
Potash $770/ton = $0.65/lb K2O
Page 18

44. Nutrient Worksheet K L M Spreadable Acreage (field sketch on back)
Value of Excess Nutrients Applied M
Manure Storage Management
Volume Applied =
Volume Remaining =
28.9
$9, $3,323

45. Example
A farmer has 37,000 broilers in his 60 x 600 barn excreting 0.18 pounds of manure/bird/day.
37,000 broilers x 0.18 lb/day x 365 days = 2,430,900 lb/yr = 1,215 ton/yr
1 pound = short tons
This example assumes 365 day/year one-time clean out. You will need to fine-tune this to accurately reflect your situation.
Page 19

46. Page 20

47. Manure Production Broilers 1,215 tons 0.18 lb/day 37,000 365
1,215 ton/yr
1,215 tons
Does not include bedding or other additions to storage

48. Manure Storage Management– Example for Section M on page 22
Year 1
Annual Prod.
1,215 ton
Date
Field
Volume Applied
Remaining B1
116 ton
1,099 ton
Year 2
No appl.
Year 3
Year 4

49. Total Nutrients Available
1,215 tons available
= $ 36, 567 (PAN, P2O5, K2O)
Total PAN = 1,215 * = 17,277 lb
17,277 lb / 160 lb/ac = 108 ac
17,277 lb/2,000 lb/ton * $420/ton = $3,628 TN
Total P2O5 = 1,215 * 53 = 64,395 lb
64,395 lb/ 60 lb/ac = 1,073 ac
64,395 lb/2,000 lb/ton * $500/ton =$16,099
Total K2O = 1,215 * 36 = 43,740 lb
43,740 lb / 65 lb/ac = 673 ac
43,740 lb / 2,000 lb/ton * $770/ton = $16,840

50. Manure Application Records
Field record book
Emergency contact information
Spill response information
Equipment information
Detailed ‘day-of-application’ information
Winter application guidelines

51. Break
Pick up pencil + calculator

52. Corn Silage Example
Change planned crop to Corn Silage (26 T/ac) following Grain Corn (160 bu/ac)
Application (April-June) with direct inject/incorporate.

53. Corn Silage use 1T/ac = 6 bu/ac; 160 bu/ac = 26.6 T/ac silage
Page 6

54. Yield Potential– tons/acre
Corn Silage (26 T/ac)
Yield Potential– tons/acre
Soil Test 20 22 24 26 28
ppm (lb/ac)
lb P2O5 per acre
5 (10)1
115
125
130
135
140
10 (20) 90
100
105
110
15-30 (30-60)2 65 75 80 85
35 (70) 35 40 45
40 (80)
Page 8

55. Yield Potential– tons/acre
Corn Silage (26 T/ac)
Table 16: Corn Silage K2O Recommendations at CEC level 20 meq/100g
Yield Potential– tons/acre
Soil test K 20 22 24 26 28
ppm (lb/ac)
lb K2O per acre
50 (100)1
300
75 (150)
280
295
100(200)
230
245
260
125 (250)2
180
195
210
145 (290)
110
120
125
135
145
165 (330) 35 40 45 50
175 (350)
1 Values in parentheses are lb/ac.
2 Maintenance recommendations are given for this soils test range.
Page 10

56. Time of Year
page 5

57. Calculating PAN- Example Farm
April/June 12
75% 34
33%
20.22
PAN worksheet top of page 3

58. Heritage Lane Farms
Broilers
20.22 53 36

59. Heritage Lane Farms 190 85 230 -6 -20 4 103 -147 86 1.7 C
Crop Nutrient Needs
190 85
230 D
Starter Fertilizer Applied -6
-20 E
Additional Nutrients Needed
184
230 65 F
Manure Application Rate
ton/ac
gal/ac 4 G
Manure Nutrients Applied
-81
-212
-144 H
Additional Nutrients Applied I
Crop Nutrient Balance*
103
-147 86 J
Years to Next Nutrient Application
1.7

60. Manure Value Change
What is the per acre change in manure nutrient value when the application period changes from Sept-Oct to April-June?
Only PAN changed.
14.22 lb/ton (Sept-Oct)
20.22 lb/ton (April-June)
20.22 – = 6 lb/ton
Price of N = $0.65/unit of N
6 units * $0.65 = $3.90/ton
$ $15.60 / acre (3 – 4 ton/ac)

61. Summary
Balanced nutrient inputs to match crop nutrient needs + soil resources(?)
Soil test is necessary for full utilization of nutrient inputs.
Application of nutrients beyond crop needs and soil carrying capacity increases risk of nutrient moving off-site.
Economic loss ($$$)
When, where, how and how much are important questions to ask.

62. Summary
Nutrient sampling/testing is necessary to “fine-tune” a nutrient management program.
Testing provides you a tool to make an “educated guess.”
Nutrient management workbook used as a tool to:
Verify current nutrient management practices.
Identify more efficiently uses of on-farm nutrients.
others

63. Questions Amanda Meddles, meddles.14@osu.edu, 614-292-6625 Jon Rausch,