1. 青少年身體發展

2. 一、身體生理發展

3. 二、身體生理發展的心理面向 （一）身體意象(body image) 1.青少年身體意象的特色
(1) Adolescents are preoccupied with body image,
especially during puberty
(2) Adolescents are more dissatisfied with their body
images during puberty
(3) Girls are less satisfied with their bodies
(4) Boys satisfied with shoulders, strength, and
athletic abilities; Girls satisfied with faces, lips,
arms, and height
(5) Girls overestimate their weights and feel negative
about gaining weights.

4. 2.Cultural body ideals
3.Body images and self-esteem

5. （二）第一次月經 1.青少女對第一次月經的反應 Reactions are mild:
a little upsetting, surprising, exciting, and positive.

6. 2.第一次月經的意義 (1)正向的意義 Index of maturity Could now have children
More like adult women
More like their friends
(2)負向的意義
Hassle and messiness
Physical discomfort
Produced behavioral limitations
Created emotional changes

7. 3.對月經態度差異的影響因素 行經一年內最負向 對月經的溝通（知識和照顧） 性別角色分化（女性化越高，負向態度較低）
自我概念（自我概念越好，態度越正向）

8. （三）早熟和晚熟的影響 boys 早熟 晚熟 adolescence Perceived oneself positively
Successful peer relations
Physical status
adulthood
Behavioral problems
Develop a strong identity
Higher cognitive mastery and coping skills

9. girls 早熟 晚熟 adolescence More problems in school independent
Popular with boys
adulthood
Lower education
Lower cognitive mastery and coping skills
Lower occupation

10. 早晚熟知覺理論模式(Faust, Lerner, Peterson)
Perception of normal age for entering puberty
Real age for entering puberty
Boys: early girls: on time
Attractive boy
Body image
School
performance
girl
early on time late