1. DEFINITION FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION WEIGHTS AND MEASUREMENTS
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
WEIGHTS AND MEASUREMENTS

2. FOOD SCIENCE

3. DEFINITIONS
Scientific study of raw food materials and their behavior during formulation, processing, packaging, storage and evaluation as consumer food product
IFT – discipline in which biology, physical sciences and engineering are used to study the nature of foods, causes of deterioration and principles underlying food processing

4. NUTRITION
How body uses food after we eat them to promote or maintain health
American Medical Association – the nutrients and other substances in food, their action, interaction, and balance in relation to health and disease and the processes by which the organism ingests, digests, absorbs, transports, utilizes, and excretes food substances
Food science overlaps with nutrition

5. WEIGHTS AND MEASUREMENTS

6. MEASURES United States generally volume measurements
Density = mass or weight per volume
Density of items not equal; 1c of flour = 4 oz while 1c of tarragon = 1 oz
Consistency in weights or measures best

7. EXAMPLES
FLOUR – best if sifted prior to measuring due to compacting by particles
SOLID FATS – room temperature to become plastic; press into measure to force out air
SUGAR – no sifting unless lumpy
BROWN SUGAR – press into measure until it holds its shape
LIQUIDS – read at eye level
MENISCUS – curved concave line on upper surface of liquid; read at lowest level

8. EQUIPMENT Dry measures
Liquid measures – glass, transparent in order to see meniscus and read at eye level
Dry ingredients – spoon ingredients into measure then level off with straight edge

9. WEIGHTS
Generally more accurate
Use metric system or pounds/ounces

10. METRIC SYSTEM Based on science rather than custom
Decimal system based on multiples of 10
Basic units:
Weight = grams
Volume = liter
Length = meter

11. TERMS Milli = 1000 or 0.001 Centi = 100 or 0.01 Deci = 10 or 0.1
Meter = 10 decimeters, 100 centimeters, 1000 millimeters
Kilometer = 1000 meters

12. TEMPERATURES Fahrenheit scale (F)
Celsius scale (C) used with metric system

13. CONVERSIONS
Freezing: 320F or 00C
Boiling: 2120F or 1000C