1. Probability Interactive Learning Station Last Viewed HistoryUses ExamplesPrinciples More Uses Self Check ContentsHistoryUsesMore UsesExamplesPrinciplesSelf Check

2. History of Probability Two mathematicians, Blaise Pascal and Pierre de Fermat were confronted by a gambler about how many games he should play before he was expected to win. Through correspondence, they figured out mathematically how many games he should expect to play before winning. This was the beginning of the field of math called probability. From this point, they elaborated on the subject. Last Viewed ContentsHistoryUsesMore UsesExamplesPrinciplesSelf Check

3. Uses of Probability Probabilities can be used to find expectations: How many times should I play before I expect to win? How many times should I play before I expect to win? How many rolls, throws, etc. until I get what I am looking for? (ex: rolling a dice and getting a 3, flipping a coin and getting a heads) How many rolls, throws, etc. until I get what I am looking for? (ex: rolling a dice and getting a 3, flipping a coin and getting a heads) Last Viewed ContentsHistoryUsesMore UsesExamplesPrinciplesSelf Check

4. More Uses Probability is very useful in determining outcomes: If I were to bet $X over Y games, how much do I stand to lose or gain on average? If I were to bet $X over Y games, how much do I stand to lose or gain on average? Example: I bet $1. If I don’t roll a 5, I lose my $1. If I do roll a 5, I get $5. If I play 6 times, on average how much do I win or lose? Example: I bet $1. If I don’t roll a 5, I lose my $1. If I do roll a 5, I get $5. If I play 6 times, on average how much do I win or lose? Last Viewed ContentsHistoryUsesMore UsesExamplesPrinciplesSelf Check

5. Everyday Examples Probability is used everyday. Some examples are: The lottery – probability of winning is very low, close to 1/1,000,000,000 The lottery – probability of winning is very low, close to 1/1,000,000,000 Coin flips – Many sporting events use coin flips to choose sides – probability of winning a coin flip is 1/2 Coin flips – Many sporting events use coin flips to choose sides – probability of winning a coin flip is 1/2 Last Viewed ContentsHistoryUsesMore UsesExamplesPrinciplesSelf Check

6. Basic Principles Probability and odds are proportions Probability and odds are proportions Probability must be between 0 and 1 Probability must be between 0 and 1 Probability of winning = Probability of winning = #favorable outcomes #total outcomes #total outcomes Odds of winning = Odds of winning = # favorable outcomes # unfavorable outcomes # unfavorable outcomes Last Viewed ContentsHistoryUsesMore UsesExamplesPrinciplesSelf Check

7. Self Check #1 Who were the founding father(s) of Probability? Galileo Einstein Johnny Mathseed Pascal & Fermat Last Viewed ContentsHistoryUsesMore UsesExamplesPrinciplesSelf Check

8. Self Check #1 Who were the founding father(s) of Probability? Galileo Einstein Johnny Mathseed Pascal & Fermat Last Viewed ContentsHistoryUsesMore UsesExamplesPrinciplesSelf Check CORRECT ANSWER!

9. Self Check #2 Probability can be used for which of the following: Last Viewed ContentsHistoryUsesMore UsesExamplesPrinciplesSelf Check Expectations Absolutely Nothing Outcomes Winning Money

10. Self Check #2 Probability can be used for which of the following: Last Viewed ContentsHistoryUsesMore UsesExamplesPrinciplesSelf Check Expectations Absolutely Nothing Outcomes Winning Money CORRECT ANSWER!

11. Self Check #3 Probability is a (fill in the blank). Pointless Thing Negative Number Bigger Than 2 Proportion Last Viewed ContentsHistoryUsesMore UsesExamplesPrinciplesSelf Check

12. Self Check #3 Probability is a (fill in the blank). Pointless Thing Negative Number Bigger Than 2 Proportion Last Viewed ContentsHistoryUsesMore UsesExamplesPrinciplesSelf Check CORRECT ANSWER!

13. References Blaisdell, Ernest. Statistics In Practice. Harcourt Brace College Publishers. 583p 1998 Blaisdell, Ernest. Statistics In Practice. Harcourt Brace College Publishers. 583p 1998 Blaise Pascal Blaise Pascal Blaise Pascal Blaise Pascal Blaise Pascal (1623-1662) Blaise Pascal (1623-1662) Blaise Pascal (1623-1662) Blaise Pascal (1623-1662) Cole, John R. Pascal: The Man and His Two Loves. New York: New York University Press. 349p Jan 1996 Cole, John R. Pascal: The Man and His Two Loves. New York: New York University Press. 349p Jan 1996 Groothuis, Douglas. On Pascal. Wadsworth Publishing.96p Jun 2002. Groothuis, Douglas. On Pascal. Wadsworth Publishing.96p Jun 2002. McPherson, Joyce. A Piece of the Mountain: The Story of Blaise Pascal. Greenleaf Press. 128p Apr 1997 McPherson, Joyce. A Piece of the Mountain: The Story of Blaise Pascal. Greenleaf Press. 128p Apr 1997 Pascal Pascal Pascal