1. Chronemics/Time How humans use and structure time Cultural examples
Business examples

2. Proxemics/Distance Intimate- skin contact to 18 inches
Personal-18 inches to 4 ft.
Social- 4 to 12 ft.
Public – 12 ft to 25 ft.
Workspace – 50 ft. is the distance within which most “knowledge ecology” occurs
Dating - ?????

3. Clothing/Physical Attractiveness
Speaker credibility
Economic status
Educational level
Social status
Level of sophistication
Uniforms
High status/low status dress

4. Haptics/Touch Relationship based Studies with infants
Waitresses – haptics as persuasion

5. Voice Paralanguage: nonverbal vocal messages
Research shows that listeners pay more attention to the vocal messages than to the words that are spoken when asked to determine a speaker’s attitude.

6. Face & Eyes Most noticed and most powerful.
Six basic emotions that facial expressions reflect and are recognizable in and between all cultures.

7. Postures & Gestures
Kinesics: the study of body movement, gesture and posture.

8. Characteristics of nonverbal
Culture bound
Ambiguous
Primarily relational*
Intentional or Unintentional
Continuous
Multiple channels

9. What you are stands over you … and thunders so that I cannot hear what you say to the contrary.
Ralph Waldo Emerson

10. Functions of Nonverbal Communication
Repeating
Substituting
Complementing
Accenting
Regulating
Contradicting
Deceiving