1. Port Orford Ocean Resource Team: Partnering Local and Scientific Knowledge With GIS for Community-based Management Vicki A. Wedell, Oregon State University David Revell, University of California Santa Cruz AAAS Annual Meeting Feb 13 th 2004

2. Today’s Presentation Background Physical setting Physical setting Management Context Management Context The Port of Port Orford The Port of Port Orford Port Orford Ocean Resource Team Port Orford Ocean Resource Team Participatory GIS Research Design and Methods Local knowledge interviews Local knowledge interviews Data Aggregation Data Aggregation Initial results Initial results Conclusions Conclusions

3. Port Orford... Latitude/Longitude: 42 44 45 N / 124 29 46 W Active Tectonics Lab, OSU www.pcouncil.org Charleston Oregon Port Orford Gold Beach Bandon Cape Blanco Port Orford Port Orford Dock Coos Bay

4. Current Management Context 1996 Sustainable Fisheries Act (MSFCMA) 1996 Sustainable Fisheries Act (MSFCMA) Standard 8: we must assess impacts to fishing communities Standard 8: we must assess impacts to fishing communities Issue of scale Issue of scale Pacific groundfish crisis Pacific groundfish crisis (NOAA Fisheries Jan 2000) Quota reductions Quota reductions 50% capacity reduction 50% capacity reduction 100-250 fathom in-season shelf closure 100-250 fathom in-season shelf closure Port Orford

5. The Port Orford Fishing Community Small scale fishing-dependant community Small scale fishing-dependant community ~40 vessels (<45 feet) ~40 vessels (<45 feet) 100-150 people involved in commercial fishing (10- 15% of population) 100-150 people involved in commercial fishing (10- 15% of population) 40 fishing families 40 fishing families No Coast Guard Station No Coast Guard Station 73% of interviewees participate in 4-7 different fisheries

6. Current Fisheries Executed Changes caused by Mgt. Regulations

7. Port Orford Ocean Resources Team (POORT) Local Advisory Board Local Advisory Board Science Advisory Committee Science Advisory Committee Project Manager Project Manager Communications Coordinator Communications Coordinator The key to our success! The key to our success! POORT Vision: A sustainable fishery that combines the best science and local experiential knowledge for the community to make local fishery management decisions.

8. From Vision to Results… Science and Management ?s Spatial data to answer ?s New Basemaps InterviewsCoop. Research Biological Socio-econ. Substrate Fish Counts UrchinsEtc… Existing

9. http://www.coastalatlas.net Some Coastal Atlas layers… 1996 ODFW Fish Survey ODFW Nearshore Rocky Reef Project (1997-2000) NOAA Nautical Charts Seafloor Mapping Lab, OSU

10. Groundfish Fleet Restructuring and Information Analysis Project Conceptual Model GIS Layers High resolution case study of Port Orford

11. Documenting Local Knowledge Pilot interview and community presentation Create base maps and interview protocol Conduct LKI with community members Validation interviews with participants Aggregate individual maps into draft inventory Transcribe and digitize individual interviews Community validation workshop Incorporate edits and create final inventory maps In progress

12. Nautical charts Nautical charts Fathom contours Fathom contours Local place names Local place names –focus group GIS base maps: communication & process tool GIS base maps: communication & process tool

13. Confidentiality Agreements Confidentiality Agreements Semi-structured interviews Semi-structured interviews 1. Demographics & vessel information 2. Distribution of human uses 3. Relative economic importance 4. Distribution of species and resources 5. Open microphone Location information recorded Location information recorded Drew on acetate overlays Drew on acetate overlays Verbally referenced place name Verbally referenced place name Depth delineated areas Depth delineated areas Local knowledge interviews

14. LKI Participants Average age: 51 years Average experience: 20+ years 31 males: 5 females 33 interviews with 36 people 24 Commercial fishermen2 Divers 3 Recreational fishermen3 Buyers 4 Recreationalists2 Scientists

15. ~50% Port Orford vessels represented, average length: 34 feet 17 owners and/or captains 7 deckhands 524 years combined experience 24 years average experience 7 second-generation fishermen 1 third generation fisherman 20/25 work a combined total of over 2200 days/year on the ocean, presently averaging ~120 days/year Port Orford commercial fishermen

16. Data aggregation Data aggregation Convert vector data into 30 m grid Convert vector data into 30 m grid Assigned grid cell value of 1 for polygon presence and 0 for absence Assigned grid cell value of 1 for polygon presence and 0 for absence Cumulative totals for each grid cell Cumulative totals for each grid cell Nearest neighbor analysis (6 cell focal mean) to smooth the data. Nearest neighbor analysis (6 cell focal mean) to smooth the data. Data classified using an equal area distribution of 7 classes and re-categorized into Low, Medium, and High usage. Data classified using an equal area distribution of 7 classes and re-categorized into Low, Medium, and High usage. Thanks to our partners at Ecotrust, especially Charles!

17. Dungeness crab PO

18. Salmon PO

19. Halibut PO High Spot

20. Sablefish (aka black cod) PO Bandon High Spot Canyon

21. Relative economic importance of sablefish High Spot Canyon

22. Conclusions To meet requirements of the Sustainable Fisheries Act 1996 Standard 8, we need to address community issues at the community level. It comes down to a matter of scale. For Port Orford 150m is appropriate. To meet requirements of the Sustainable Fisheries Act 1996 Standard 8, we need to address community issues at the community level. It comes down to a matter of scale. For Port Orford 150m is appropriate. Local knowledge interviews are a successful tool to understand a fishing community, its resources, and dependence on various areas. Local knowledge interviews are a successful tool to understand a fishing community, its resources, and dependence on various areas. Coupling scientific and local knowledge in GIS is a powerful way to support community management objectives. Coupling scientific and local knowledge in GIS is a powerful way to support community management objectives. Spatial representation of human uses, economic dependence, and species distribution can guide area-based management strategies including: local area management and/or the selection of less controversial areas for MPAs. Spatial representation of human uses, economic dependence, and species distribution can guide area-based management strategies including: local area management and/or the selection of less controversial areas for MPAs.

23. Next Steps for POORT Phase II 1) More in depth economic surveys and spatial analysis 2) Cooperative research projects: port sampling and genetic research Future Phases: 1) Develop a management plan and long-term monitoring program 2) Examine Substrate/Species Relationships

24. Thank You Partners: Port Orford Ocean Resources Team Port Orford Ocean Resources Team Port Orford Community Port Orford Community Terra Cognita – OSU GIS lab Terra Cognita – OSU GIS lab Pacific Marine Conservation Council Pacific Marine Conservation Council Surfrider Foundation Surfrider FoundationFunders: Cooperative Institute for Marine Resources Studies Cooperative Institute for Marine Resources Studies Environmental Defense Environmental Defense NOAA Cooperative Research NOAA Cooperative Research Penny Family Fund Penny Family Fund Oregon Coastal Management Program Ocean Enhancement Grant Oregon Coastal Management Program Ocean Enhancement GrantData: ODFW ODFW Coastal Atlas Coastal Atlas Dr. Chris Goldfinger Lab – OSU Dr. Chris Goldfinger Lab – OSU Ecotrust Ecotrust