1. Word Formation

2. Roots and Stems
Root is a simple word without formative element or affix
e.g – basa - read
Stem is composed of a root and an affix
e.g. bumasa – to read

3. Pictures Sentence Structure There is/are + noun/object+ sa +place
Bahay –house
Tatay – father
Mga anak – children
Fiesta – festival
Mga tao – people
Kumanta – to sing
Gitara – guitar
Tumugtog – to play an instrument
Sumaway – to dance
Libro – book
Bumasa – to read
Dyaryo – newspaper
Kumain – to eat
Sentence Structure
May prutas sa mesa.
(There are fruits on the table).
There is/are + noun/object+ sa +place
Nagsalita ang mayor sa plaza.
(The mayor spoke at the plaza)
Verb +si/sina/ang/ang mga person/s/noun/s + sa +location
Maganda ang mga damit.
(Beautiful the clothes)
Adjective + ang/ang mga noun

4. Reduplication Repetition of one or more syllables
Partial –
babasa – will read
Full –
araw-araw - everyday
Combined partial and full –
tatawa-tawa - laughing

5. Compounding Balat-sibuyas – (peel onion) - smooth complexion
Bahay-bata – (house young child)- ovary
Anak-araw –(child sun) - albino
Hampas-lupa – (wipped soil) a bum
Bigay-loob – (give inside) - gift
Bigay-kaya – (give afford) - dowry
Bantay salakay – (guard ) opportunist
Basag-ulo – (broken head) - trouble
Kapitbahay – (malapit – near house) neighbor
Takip-silim – (cover dusk) - sunset

6. Sentences Graduate student si Lara. Taga Chicago si Gil.
English ang major ni Vena Mae.
Hindi kumakain ng kanin si Brandi.
22 ang edad ni Erick.
May cell phone sa bag si Vena Mae.
May kuya si Ruthya.
May ate si Cas.
Sociology major si Angeline.
Nagbakasyon si Gil sa ibang bansa.