1. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Trevor Gauron SCASM Meeting May 8, 2007 Greenville County, SC IDDE Program Highlights

2. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Greenville County, South Carolina Located in foothills of Appalachian Mountains Located in foothills of Appalachian Mountains Medium MS4 under NPDES Phase I Medium MS4 under NPDES Phase I Approximately 800 square miles Approximately 800 square miles Current Population ≈ 393,000 Current Population ≈ 393,000 Annual Rainfall ≈ 50 inches Annual Rainfall ≈ 50 inches Greenville County

3. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Phase Designations for Outfall Inventory Activities Phased, 5-year approach Phased, 5-year approach Urbanized areas targeted first Urbanized areas targeted first Rural watersheds left for end of permit term Rural watersheds left for end of permit term

4. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Outfall Inventory Field Work Searching for Illicit Discharges Two-staged approach Two-staged approach Stage 1 Outfall Inventory to locate outfalls and find obvious illicit discharges Outfall Inventory to locate outfalls and find obvious illicit discharges e.g. Sanitary sewer leaks e.g. Sanitary sewer leaks Stage 2 Investigate sampling results Investigate sampling results e.g. Less obvious illicit discharges e.g. Less obvious illicit discharges

5. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Inventory Equipment Ruggedized pen based computer- Fujitsu Pentop Ruggedized pen based computer- Fujitsu Pentop Trimble backpack GPS units Trimble backpack GPS units Digital Cameras or web camera Digital Cameras or web camera Garmin GPS/76 Logitech 420 digital camera Fujitsu ST-4121 Tablet PC Field Backpack Setup

6. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Dry Weather Screening Methodology Performed while conducting outfall inventory Performed while conducting outfall inventory 72 hours or greater with < 0.1” of precipitation 72 hours or greater with < 0.1” of precipitation Grab sample tested for chemical/physical attributes Grab sample tested for chemical/physical attributes Between 4 hours and 24 hours later run second grab for Between 4 hours and 24 hours later run second grab for the same analytes the same analytes Physical Parameters Color Color Odor Odor Deposits and stains Deposits and stains Floatable matter Floatable matter Temperature Temperature Turbidity Turbidity Changes in flow Changes in flow Vegetation change Vegetation change Structural damage Structural damage Grease / oil Grease / oil Chemical Parameters pH pH Chlorine Chlorine Copper Copper Phenols Phenols Surfactants Surfactants

7. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Testing for Phenols and Surfactants Dry Weather Screening Methodology

8. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Sampling Data Interpreting Sampling Data Interpreting Sampling Data Set ranges/limits in place Set ranges/limits in place Indicative of sanitary sewage Indicative of sanitary sewage Chemical ParameterAllowable Range/Limit pH6.0 – 9.0 Chlorine0.0 – 0.5 mg/L Copper0.0 – 0.5 mg/L Phenol0.0 – 0.399 mg/L Surfactant0.0 – 0.6 mg/L

9. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Data Analysis to Determine Problem Outfalls

10. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program GILLTracker (Geographic ILLicit Tracker)

11. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Delineate Drainage Basin

12. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Search for Dischargers

13. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Search for Dischargers

14. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Search for Dischargers

15. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Identify Source Greenville Meats, Inc

16. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Summary Sheets - Location Data

17. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Summary Sheets - Tracking Process

18. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Summary Sheets – Source Identification

19. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Two Types of Quantifications: 1. Number of illicit discharges and potential illicit discharges found 2. Illicit discharge load reductions – how much pollutant was kept out of the waterbodies Quantifying Illicit Discharge Reductions

20. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Type of OccuranceYear1Year 2Year 3Year 4Year 5 Trash/Junk Cars04313615 Sewer Overflows/Leaks201774 Broken/Missing Manhole Covers31310 Sediment/Erosion Control Problems02202221 Private Homes with Illicit Discharges1241317 Water Line Leak00102 Unknown Oil Sheen on Water Surface00200 Public Pool Backwash Discharge01000 Commercial Chemical/Wash Water Discharge 00031 Totals:610788260 Outfall inventory field crews will locate sources if obvious Outfall inventory field crews will locate sources if obvious Illicit discharges found by outfall inventory field crews: Illicit discharges found by outfall inventory field crews: Total = 236 Quantifying Illicit Discharge Reductions – Stage 1

21. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program A summary of program statistics: A summary of program statistics: 302 total illicits found, 186 remediated, 116 on-going 302 total illicits found, 186 remediated, 116 on-going Quantifying Illicit Discharge Reductions Year Total Outfalls Dry Flow OutfallsIllicit InformationRemediation Information MajorTotal Found During Dry Weather Found During Outfall Inventory Total Illicits Found Remediated Ongoing Investigations 1, 27204246124221618144 3 7151343169925781037924 468874496131082986236 51170N/A6372360833152 Totals224121038419160236302186116

22. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Quantifying Illicit Discharge Reductions ParameterAverage Annual Loading (lbs/yr) Total Loading During First Permit Term (lbs) Ammonia2,4307,290 Boron26 Chlorine6,9556,965 Copper0.761 E. Coli. 3,026,130 MPN9,078,390 MPN Enterococci11,475,910 MPN34,427,720 MPN Potassium140421 Surfactant103309 Key: lbs = poundslbs/yr = pounds per yearMPN = maximum possible number Table 9. Illicit Tracking Annual and Permit Term Loadings, First Permit Term

23. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Quantifying Illicit Discharge Reductions Reduction Loadings Calculation: Average Concentration Estimated Flow Rate Conversion Factors Estimated Annual Loading

24. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Quantifying Illicit Discharge Reductions Reduction Qualifications: Flow rates were estimated in the field for only some of the qualifying illicit discharges Flow rates were estimated in the field for only some of the qualifying illicit discharges Per Section 23. Design Flow, 23.1 Per Capita Flow of the publication entitled Recommended Standards for Sewage Works 1878 Edition : Per Section 23. Design Flow, 23.1 Per Capita Flow of the publication entitled Recommended Standards for Sewage Works 1878 Edition : All flow rates were assumed to be flowing at a rate of 100 gallons per day All flow rates were assumed to be flowing at a rate of 100 gallons per day 100 gallons/day = 0.0001547 cfs 100 gallons/day = 0.0001547 cfs All flows were assumed to flow 24 hrs./day All flows were assumed to flow 24 hrs./day

25. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Quantifying Illicit Discharge Reductions What was learned? Make sure you have a sampling method that will yield valid results Make sure you have a sampling method that will yield valid results Develop a more precise way to estimate flow rates Develop a more precise way to estimate flow rates Determine what parameters will be quantified and plan accordingly Determine what parameters will be quantified and plan accordingly

26. Building a Comprehensive IDDE Program Questions? Trevor Gauron Trevor Gauron trevor.gauron@woolpert.com Woolpert, Inc. Columbia, SC 803-731-0261 Doyle Allen Doyle Allen allend@jackson.army.mil Fort Jackson 803-751-7232