1. A preliminary model for the role of the basal ganglia in natural motor control and motor programming MURI Meeting, June 4th, 2002 Steve Massaquoi, Zhi-Hong Mao, Eugene Lim, Munther Dahleh, and Eric Feron Massachusetts Institute of Technology

2. Modeling the lower (motor) loop of the basal ganglia in movement Our model produced reasonable representations of normal and abnormal basal ganglionic functions in lower loop –Cruise movement generation –Dysfunctions in Parkinson’s disease and dystonia

3. 1s1s Plant Neuronal integrator - + Movement Muscular-skeletal system Proposed role of the basal ganglia in regulating cruise movement velocity Basal ganglionic  cortical interaction + +

4. Model simulator structure

7. Dysfunction of the basal ganglia in Parkinson’s disease Signs of Parkinson’s disease –Tremor at rest –Slowness of movement (bradykinesia) –Rigidity of body

8. Model simulator structure

10. Dysfunction of the basal ganglia in dystonia Signs of dystonia –Abnormal posture and tremor

11. Model simulator structure

13. Modeling the lower (motor) loop of the basal ganglia in movement Our model produced reasonable representations of normal and abnormal basal ganglionic functions in lower loop –Cruise movement generation –Dysfunctions in Parkinson’s disease and dystonia

14. Role of the higher (cognitive) loop of the basal ganglia in programmed behavioral tasks Conflict resolution over access to limited cognitive resources Switching, brain states transition, and sequence generation Circuit in higher loop is the same as in lower loop A toy example

18. Conclusions and future work Conclusions –The model is very simple –The model is consistent with the neuronal anatomy of the basal ganglia –The same circuit in the model is able to control cruise movement, to reproduce signs in the Parkinson’s disease and dystonia, and to execute programmed behavioral tasks Future work –Self tuning (learning) through reinforcement –Learning cooperative behavior