1. Communication How to Effectively Engage Students in Any Environment Janis Gallagher & Aimee Byk Ivy Tech - Lawrenceburg

2. Objectives Explain the value of discussion How to foster discussion from Day One How to ask the right questions How to troubleshoot

3. Four Kinds of Learning Students learn “information” or “facts”. Student learn what other scholars think about those facts. Students learn how to take in, process and use all that information and create new knowledge. Students learn how they can relate to and feel about all disciplines.

4. The Value of Discussion True learning is best achieved through dialogue. “Talking it out” helps create new knowledge Builds a “community of learners” Practice “thinking” about subject matter Thinking is active, listening to lectures is passive (low TTT: teacher talk time) More likely to remember info they have discussed

5. Why Discussion Works It demands students’ attention. “Next class, prepare to talk about…” Students receive immediate feedback. Accommodates collaborative learning styles Models work environments Explain all this to your students!

6. May I Have Your Attention, Please?: Arousal Theory When arousal is too low, we get bored Discussion provides stimulation Arousal level varies from person to person, and from one situation to another Student interest peaks in the first ten minutes of class time, and then steadily decreases. Individual attention span is limited to 45-50 minute intervals.

7. The First Day: Face-to-Face Say hello! “M&M’s work” Learn their names. Collect information about each student. Have them get to know each other. Reveal information about yourself. Invite questions Do all this before the syllabus!

8. The First Day: Face to Face Define your expectations for discussion. “Come to class ready to discuss!” “This is your class, not mine.” Ask general, open-ended questions “What have you heard about psychology?”

9. The First Day: Online “Welcome” email/announcement “Small talk” in the Coffee House forum Collect information about each student. Have them get to know each other (post introduction/reply). Reveal information about yourself. Model discussion: Invite questions, show enthusiasm Define expectations in syllabus

10. Ask the Right Questions: Face-to-Face Begin with common experiences Introduce surprising/controversial topics Ask open-ended questions Build on their previous knowledge and interests Give a problem that they need to solve.

11. Teacher’s Role in Discussion Wait it out! “Write your answer.” Guide the discussion, do not determine it. Leave personal bias out of it. Restate, summarize, ask questions. Model discussion; show enthusiasm, acknowledge different sides and admit you don’t hold the ultimate answer!

12. Ask the Right Questions: Online More time to formulate answer Writing helps clarify views, time to edit Easier to wait it out Give several discussion options Join in!: Ask questions, summarize progress at end Provide stellar examples Require replies Hold a real-time chat session

13. Troubleshooting #1. No One’s Talking! Determine why they aren’t talking. Get them more acquainted. Break in smaller groups. Ask them to write down the answer and then call by name. Encourage them with smiles, name, points. Use the “good” students to get others involved. Ask questions that require personal knowledge. Make it count in their grade!

14. Troubleshooting #2. Discussions Getting Heated Define expectations early (“listen with respect”, “do not attack other students”) Agreements are not always ideal. Address the argument immediately. Create an assignment from it. Refer to book, other research. Be well-prepared for this situation. Online: Privately e-mail student, ask to modify post if necessary, post on board

15. Troubleshooting #3. Discussions are Getting Off Track/Ineffective Discussions require some structure Give them a clear goal Move students around and move yourself Call on everyone during a two-week period Assign a student leader Acknowledge the problem #4. Boundary Issues Many students might not used to an active classroom setting. “Friendly” versus “Friends”

16. Troubleshooting #5. Group Project Woes Explain its’ value. Define expectations early. Give examples. Designate a leader. Assign individual grades.

17. Conclusion Discussions are vital to learning. Personalize your course. Ask the right questions. Guide the discussion, don’t determine it. Address issues immediately, and explain the value of disagreements.

18. Conclusion Create a warm, safe atmosphere for students, but don’t be their buddy! Note what worked and what didn’t work (and ask your students). Share your experiences with other teachers.