1. Apr 9, 2005 Scaling of Askaryan Pulses D. Seckel, Univ. of Delaware

2. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) Topics RF pulses from Showers

3. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) Radiation from single particles ZHS: 2 0.5

4. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) Sum over particles/Integrate over shower Shower Front + Light Cone Density of Excess Projected Track Length

5. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) Separation of Variables & Form Factor

6. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) Phase Factors and Rescaling FF Most MC’s use this

7. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) Normalization and Determination of f, G y, G z

8. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) AVZ, ZHS, (G4 later) AVZ Use a Gaussian, and give the half-width of the Cerenkov cone at 1 GHz as 3.72 ° for a 1 PeV (3.1 m) shower. Determine G z as FT of gaussian

9. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) Scaling vs AVZ Field calculation is integral over shower profile Separation of shower profile Separation of form factors With scaled frequencies Adapted from Alvarez, Vazquez, Zas “Full sim” is approx a Blue – Gaussian for f(z), AVZ approx c for G y Red – Griessen for f(z) Separation of phase factors

10. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) High frequency

11. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) Phases

12. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) Scaling with energy and type

13. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) Scaling with medium AVZ scaled G4

14. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) Scaling behavior fractional excess Single particle & shower signals Includes LPM effect z y cc to observer

15. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) Pulse shapes

16. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) Scaling model w/Shahid’s G4 10 TeV shower

17. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) Multiple showers

18. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) Fluctuations

19. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) Better shower profiles?

20. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) Acoustic (in progress) Same as radio except –scalar vs vector –total track length –v/c is smaller –attenuation –experiment bandwidth

21. Askaryan pulses, UCI, Apr 9, 2005 (Seckel) Summary