1. Smart Buildings and Smart Energy CITRIS Kickoff meeting – Sept. 18 2001 J. Rabaey College of Engineering, University of California at Berkeley

2. Smart Buildings Integrated network of sensor, control, and actuator nodes Improves quality-of-living Saves energy Saves energy Provides security Provides security Helps localizing items Helps localizing items Extends building-human interface Extends building-human interface

3. New Building Technologies Underfloor Air Distribution –Thermal and energy performance –Occupant response –Technology transfer to design industry Task/Ambient Conditioning Systems Wireless Sensing and Control –Develop low cost, small wireless devices –Track temperature, humidity, illumination and occupancy,

4. Energy Consumption in Buildings (US 1997) TABLE 1. Primary energy use in US buildings, 1997. (Units: quads per year = 1.05 EJ y -1 ) End UseResidentialCommercial Space heating6.72.0 Space cooling1.51.1 Water heating2.70.9 Refrigerator/Freezer1.70.6 Lighting1.13.8 Cooking0.6- Clothes dryers0.6- Color TVs0.8- Ventilation/Furnace fans0.40.6 Office equipment-1.4 Miscellaneous3.04.9 Total19.015.2 Source: Interlaboratory Working Group, 2000 (Units: quads per year = 1.05 EJ y -1 )

5. A Proof-of-Concept A 6 month demonstrator  Easy:   Fully instrument a number of buildings on campus with networked light and temperature sensors in every room, and make the data available on a centralized web-site.  Medium: –  Make a wireless power monitor with a standard 3-prong feedthrough receptacle so that people can monitor power consumption of electronic devices as a function of time. Provide roughly one thousand such devices for rotating use around the campus to educate, chart usage, verify compliance, real-time display of consumption in a given room or lab. The impact of these simple metering devices could be tremendous. –  Similar device, but passively coupled to high-power wiring to monitor total power consumption through breaker boxes. This would give us a much finer granularity of power-consumption details, and let us look at clusters of rooms, floors, etc. –  Fully instrument the campus network  Hard: –  Real-time monitoring and control of hundreds of power systems on campus. Enforce compliance with load reduction. Charge/reward departments according to their use during peak times. Leaders: Pister, Culler, Trent, Sastry, Rabaey

8. The research challenges Operational network of sensors and actuators –Wide variety of functions – which? –Supporting localization Realistic application scenarios Application models Distributed control algorithms –See xyz-on-a-chip proposal

9. Questions for today what are our resources, and how can we get more –SmartDust, PicoRadio, NSF, ITR, need other ones who are the players, what are our strengths what can we safely promise in terms of deliverables over the next year and beyond –Testbed? How to kick-start and structure the research program –Meetings, brainstorming sessions, web-pages, information database??