1. Introduction to Classical Humanism

4. Cimabue 1280 Veneziano 1445

5. The Madonna and Child with Saints 1445

7. Appropriation of Greek and Latin classics Worth and dignity of individual New program of study: grammar, logic, rhetoric, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music. Focus on secular, not sacred (although never do they exclude Catholic faith) Life on earth no longer a vale of tears but an opportunity for talent and ability

8. Uffizi Gallery

9. World View from Classicism This-world view rather that St. Augustine’s focus on City of God Civic responsibility (Cicero and Aristotle) was hallmark of cultivated individual Studiolo: manuscripts, musical instruments, and artifacts of scientific inquiry

10. El Duomo Florence, Italy

11. Italy: Birthplace of Renaissance (1300-1600) Trade Least feudalized Profit from Crusades Florence shopkeepers introduced double-entry bookkeeping Pursuit of money and leisure

12. Climate of anticlericalism and intellectual skepticism Avignon Papacy and Great Schism Middle class Medici family in Florence supported scholarship and patronized the arts

13. Artists supported by Medici Family Brunelleschi Botticelli Verrocchio Michelangelo

15. On Botticelli “This beautiful female form, with its diaphanous shapes and pure outlines, constitutes a rejection or a sublimation of its physical aspects. It is like a challenge on the part of the intellect—a challenge thrown in the face of sensuality.” Argan “…Matter is transfigured into intellect…”

17. Petrarch: Father of Humanism Devoted life to recovery, copying, and editing of Latin manuscripts Tireless popularizer of classical studies Epistolary tradition revived: he used letters to describe admiration for antiquity Passion for antiquity and eagerness to rescue it from neglect Motivated the printing press within 100 years of his death)

20. Ficino’s Platonic Academy in Florence (c. 1475) Love is exalted as a divine force Platonic (spiritual) love attracted the soul to God Such love is inspired by physical beauty

21. Pico della Mirandola Efforts to recover the past and reverence for the power of human knowledge Typified individualism Affirms perfectibility of the individual Rational person at the center of a rational universe

22. To Pico, man was created by the “Divine Artificer.”: –His answer to the need for a creature who “might comprehend the –meaning of so vast an achievement [as the creation of the world], –[and] might be moved with love at its beauty and smitten with –awe at its grandeur.”