1. Waste Management in Sai Kung
Alternatives Report
Waste Management in Sai Kung
As a matter of presentation clarity you could mention your focus on composting at the beginning.
Amy Wakeford
Cynthia
Siu Lok
Liru Wang
Huadong Song

2. Problems raised in the baseline studies
Management - waste management is controlled centrally and not locally.
Policy - lack of policies and market-based measures to enforce waste reduction (Eg. waste disposal charges and collection fees).
Public education - lack of education on the importance of waste reduction.
4. Community Initiatives - lack of community initiatives and involvement.
First point is excellent, but…
Government is now bringing market-based measures;
Lots of public education initiatives (perhaps not enough however);
The FOE and some others have gotten several communities (estates) involved.
You don’t have to be blindly (or wrongly) critical when you have such a solid base for innovation (point 1).

3. Upstream effects of waste - poor awareness and policies controlling the upstream production and effects of products (manufacturers, producers, retailers).
Facilities - Lack of reuse, recycling and recovery facilities in Sai Kung and Hong Kong.
Perception - waste is looked at as a useless by- product, rather than a resource.
good

4. Concerns of Stakeholders
Residents:
They feel there are not enough recycling facilities in SK and are located in inconvenient places.
Feel that they can’t do much because the government hasn’t provided the facilities or they unaware of what already exists.
Restaurants:
They are concerned about the hygiene impact from food waste.
They want the most cost-effective and efficient waste management system.
good

5. Would like more support from the government in what they are doing.
Local pickers:
They are concerned about getting as much recyclable waste as possible to make money.
Would like more support from the government in what they are doing.
NGOs:
Their main concern is the government isn’t doing anything.
People should take their own initiative to reduce the amount of waste they produce. For example, Composting
Government (District councilor):
He thinks that there are not enough waste collection and recycling facilities in Sai Kung.
He would like to see the government do more about waste reduction.
Good

6. University of British Columbia
Gap analysis
University of British Columbia
Southeast False Creek
Small town within a big city, surrounded by ocean and parks
Community composition – Hi-rise residences, houses, businesses, restaurants, offices, university buildings
Official community plan – incorporates sustainable development
Small community within a big city
Community composition – Mid-rise residences and a few businesses
Official community plan – based on sustainable development (acts as a model)

7. Benchmarking Benchmarks UBC Southeast False Creek Sai Kung
1. Plans and Policies
Official Community Plan- incorporates sustainable waste management
Hong Kong’s municipal solid waste strategy
2. Mode of management
Locally controlled – community initiative
Centrally controlled
3. Waste management system
Well developed recycling and composting scheme
Poorly developed recycling scheme and no composting
4. Main types of waste produced
Paper, plastic and organics
5. Community involvement
High
Low
6. Public education and awareness
7. Market-based measures
Incentives for waste reducers and charging for not recycling office paper
Free organic and recycling collection/ charge for collection of garbage
Small incentive for reuseable bags in chain stores
8. Integrated with other sectors of the community
Integrated with urban agriculture and horticulture
Integrated with urban agriculture
Isolated
Good analysis

8. Alternatives - Government
Policy Measures (HK government’s new policy framework)
Waste charging, producer responsibility scheme, and landfill disposal bans
Public education
EPD, NGO’s and local council should provide workshops, posters, pamphlets and letters on the 4 R’s (reduce, reuse, recycle and recover) and how the community can get involved.
Facilities
The government should provide more waste recycling facilities in various locations.
Markets
The government should provide more incentives and subsidies to promote local recycling and recovery industries.
Provide Funding – to promote community initiatives and waste reduction programmes.
“More” is not very specific.
You need to spell out the role of the district council here because “localization” is critical to your plan--but localization is not very strong in HK. You need some justification of this (e.g. subsidiarity principle, your previous analysis) and describing how the local council or whoever would lead, be involved and facilitate this design.

9. Community Plan – Community composting and urban agriculture
Villages
Schools
Composting garden with public allotments
Community
Composting and environmental education garden
Community composting, public allotments& public education garden
Excellent integrated framework, but needs the council or/and other organization as coordinator.
Product- compost
(Fertilizer)
Town centre
Bio-diesel
Markets

10. Community Initiative:
Action Plan:
To promote decentralization of waste management by the local council and increase community involvement.
To develop a community-based circular economy through urban agriculture and composting.
To improve the social development of SK by employing local pickers and the unemployed as food waste collectors.
To reduce the level of organic matter going to the landfill.

11. Town centre
Aim:
To manage the food waste from restaurants and residential units.
To develop a local urban agriculture system.
To educate the public on waste reduction and composting practices.
Plan:
Create a community-based organic waste collection service and composting garden.
Provide public allotments for locals who want to grow organic vegetables and develop a weekly farmer’s market.
Develop an education centre related to composting and green technologies.
Type of facility:
I believe we have a composter at UST.
Collection facilities in buildings is a difficult one--put on your thinking caps.
In-vessel
composting
facility
Farmer’s Market
Public allotments
Education Centre
Bio-diesel

12. Villages Aim: To manage the food waste from residential units.
To provide public allotments for locals to grow vegetables.
Plan:
To create an organic waste collection service and community composting gardens within the villages.
The compost bins will be managed by the locals in payment for an allotment.
Type of facility:
Small gardens centrally located within villages.
Use of drum composting bins.
Roof tops; Wild pigs?

13. Schools Aim: To educate our next generation about waste reduction
Plan:
To create a small scale composting garden for educational purposes.
Initiate class composting
There is a big plot of land beside SK primary school that might be allocated for this.
Type of facility:
Small scale composting garden (Rooftop composting garden if land is limited)
Different types of composting bins e.g. worm bin, drum barrel

14. Circular economy
Local residents sell organic produce and compost at a Farmer’s Market held at the community garden.
Locals who want to a piece of land to grow food can have it for free if they volunteer to manage the composting bins.
Local residents buy local food and dispose of food waste in the designated collection bins.
Public education and community involvement
Coordinator role could fit in center with others.
Waste is collected by local pickers or unemployed with VVs powered by bio-diesel.
Waste is taken to a community composting garden and composted.

15. Bio-diesel
Clean burning alternative fuel produced from domestic renewable resources.
Contain no petroleum, can be blended at any level with petroleum diesel.
No major modification on the conventional engines is needed.
Compare with petroleum diesel, it can reduce 78% CO2, 47% particulate matter and 48% CO.
Aim:
To manage used animal fat and cooking oil from restaurants and residential units.
To provide a “clean” source of fuel for the food waste collection trucks.
Plan:
Collect the used animal fat and cooking oil from restaurants to be used to make biofuel.
To create a small bio-diesel production site at the town centre composting garden.
To fill the collection trucks with bio-diesel.
Excellent idea. Bio diesel can also be made from animal fat.

16. Markets for compost Town centre community garden: Public allotments
AFCD – forest fertilization
Gardening centers
Local buyers
Villages:
Schools:
School garden
Your compost could be compared to what villagers traditionally fertilized fields with.
Sai Kung tourist industry lives off its natural capital, that is it uses oceans and hills to draw people. However, it does not do much to invest in the maintenance or enhancement of that capital. Using compost to restore the degrade soil condition of hills would be one way of investing in natural capital (at a low price).

17. Benefits Environmental: Social: Improve the local hygiene Economic:
Divert waste from landfill
Extending the life of the landfill
Minimize the methane production at landfill
Reduce pollution (transportation)
Enhance local biodiversity
Improve food security
Social:
Provide education to the younger generation
Improve the local hygiene
Increase awareness on waste reduction, composting and green technologies.
Provide jobs for local pickers
Foster a sense of community
Promote a healthy and organic diet.
Economic:
Production of local produce
Production of compost
Generating job opportunities for the unemployed.
Extending the life of the landfill
Political:
Devolution of power
to the local council.

18. Indicators and targets for the composting and urban agriculture scheme
Total amount of organic waste diverted from the landfill
All organic waste diverted from the landfill
Community participation rate
100% participation
Number of local pickers and unemployed working as collectors
Increasing
Amount of local produce sold at the farmer’s market

19. ~ The End ~
An excellent integrated innovative approach. You would be raising its sophistication to a higher level if you could devise a reasonable means to achieve localized coordination of the the design.
Grade A (The plus is waiting for coordination)