2. Standard Grade Settlement Sphere of Influence

3. What is the sphere of influence? Sphere of Influence: the area served by a settlement, shop or service (where people come from to use the service). A large town will have a larger sphere of influence than a village. Why do you think this is?  Larger variety shops  Bigger shops e.g. a big supermarket  More services Sphere of Influence: the area served by a settlement, shop or service (where people come from to use the service). A large town will have a larger sphere of influence than a village. Why do you think this is?  Larger variety shops  Bigger shops e.g. a big supermarket  More services

4. Sphere of influence

5. The sphere of influence of a shop  People are willing to travel further to use a high order service (e.g. international airport) than to a low order service (e.g. chip shop). Which of these have a large sphere of influence? IKEANewsagentHarvey Nichols Post OfficePrimary School UniversityEdinburgh Playhouse

6. Sphere of influence of shops and services Explain why the sphere of influence of the corner shop is much smaller than the department store.

8. Keywords  Range – the maximum distance people are prepared to travel to buy goods or use a service.  Threshold – minimum number of people needed to support a shop or service.  Range – the maximum distance people are prepared to travel to buy goods or use a service.  Threshold – minimum number of people needed to support a shop or service.

9. Which grocer has the largest sphere of influence? Describe the shape of the sphere of influence of ‘grocer 3’. Why don’t people travel to ‘grocer 3’ from the east? Give some possible reasons why ‘grocer 1’ has the smallest sphere of influence. sphere of influence river bridge settlement grocer 1 2 0 2km N Sphere of influence of shops and services 3

10. Tasks  Collect a map of Edinburgh  Find the following features on the map and mark it with a coloured dot:  Musselburgh Grammar School  Campie Primary  Tesco  Musselburgh Sports Centre  Draw what you think might be the sphere of influence of each onto your map using the colour of the dot.  Glue the map into your jotter.  Collect a worksheet  Complete tasks 1-5 in your jotter in full sentences.  Collect a map of Edinburgh  Find the following features on the map and mark it with a coloured dot:  Musselburgh Grammar School  Campie Primary  Tesco  Musselburgh Sports Centre  Draw what you think might be the sphere of influence of each onto your map using the colour of the dot.  Glue the map into your jotter.  Collect a worksheet  Complete tasks 1-5 in your jotter in full sentences. Extension:  (F/G) Wider World Foundation: Read p21. Answer Q8 on p 24 and Q3 on p 25  (C/G) Wider World Blue: Read p 38-39. Answer Q4 on p55.

12. Tasks  Collect a map of Edinburgh  Find the following features on the map and mark it with a coloured dot:  Musselburgh Grammar School  Campie Primary  Tesco  Musselburgh Sports Centre  Draw the sphere of influence of each onto your map  Glue the map into your jotter.  Collect a worksheet  Complete tasks 1-5 in your jotter in full sentences.  Collect a map of Edinburgh  Find the following features on the map and mark it with a coloured dot:  Musselburgh Grammar School  Campie Primary  Tesco  Musselburgh Sports Centre  Draw the sphere of influence of each onto your map  Glue the map into your jotter.  Collect a worksheet  Complete tasks 1-5 in your jotter in full sentences. Extension:  (F/G) Wider World Foundation: Read p21. Answer Q8 on p 24 and Q3 on p 25  (C/G) Wider World Blue: Read p 38-39. Answer Q4 on p55.

13. Enquiry Skills: Finding the sphere of influence of a shop How could you find out the sphere of influence of IKEA?  Carry out a questionnaire of customers to find out where people have travelled from  Look at the tax discs on cars in the car park and see where people have travelled from  Ask the home delivery department how far they deliver good to How can you justify your methods?  A questionnaire is up to date and will gather first hand information  Looking at tax discs is accurate and quicker than interviewing people.  Talking to the delivery department will give first hand, up to date information. How could you find out the sphere of influence of IKEA?  Carry out a questionnaire of customers to find out where people have travelled from  Look at the tax discs on cars in the car park and see where people have travelled from  Ask the home delivery department how far they deliver good to How can you justify your methods?  A questionnaire is up to date and will gather first hand information  Looking at tax discs is accurate and quicker than interviewing people.  Talking to the delivery department will give first hand, up to date information.

14. Task Aim: Find out the usage and Sphere of Influence of Musselburgh High Street. How: Carry out a survey of shoppers in Musselburgh. Things to think about:  How to record the information  How much information do you need to collect to get an accurate conclusion  How are you going to process the information once you have collected it Aim: Find out the usage and Sphere of Influence of Musselburgh High Street. How: Carry out a survey of shoppers in Musselburgh. Things to think about:  How to record the information  How much information do you need to collect to get an accurate conclusion  How are you going to process the information once you have collected it

15. Planning  Working in groups design a questionnaire in your jotter with enough space to record the results. Think about what questions you will ask. Example: How did you travel here today?  Working in groups design a questionnaire in your jotter with enough space to record the results. Think about what questions you will ask. Example: How did you travel here today? BusCarTrainWalkCycleOther llllll Make a neat copy on paper that you can take out and record results

16. Presentation  In your group, make a poster to show the Sphere of Influence of Musselburgh. It should include:  A paragraph explaining what you were trying to find out, how you did it and why.  A map  A bar graph  A pie chart It should also be bright and colourful.  In your group, make a poster to show the Sphere of Influence of Musselburgh. It should include:  A paragraph explaining what you were trying to find out, how you did it and why.  A map  A bar graph  A pie chart It should also be bright and colourful.

17. Past paper question (general)

18.  Interview the manager of the park  Why?  Why? He could tell you how far the members travel to visit the park. His information would be accurate and up to date.  Questionnaire to visitors  Why? You could ask them where they have travelled from giving you accurate up to date information.  Look at tax discs in the car park  Why? You can record where people purchased their tax discs as this is a reliable indication of where they have travelled from.  Interview the manager of the park  Why?  Why? He could tell you how far the members travel to visit the park. His information would be accurate and up to date.  Questionnaire to visitors  Why? You could ask them where they have travelled from giving you accurate up to date information.  Look at tax discs in the car park  Why? You can record where people purchased their tax discs as this is a reliable indication of where they have travelled from. 2 techniques that you could use to gather information

19. Past paper question (credit) a)Describe the gathering techniques which could have been used to identify the sphere of influence of Inverness. Justify your choices. (6) b)The sphere of influence of Inverness has an unusual size and shape. Suggest reasons for this. (4)

20. Model answer (a) To find out the sphere of Influence of Inverness you could interview the manager of shops find out where they deliver goods to. This would provide up to date information about the sphere of influence of the shops. You could also carry out a questionnaire of shoppers to find out where they have travelled from to do their shopping. This is a reliable and accurate first hand information. A survey of car tax discs could also be done in car parks in Inverness to see where the cars have travelled from. This will provide reliable information about where the cars have travelled from and is quicker than issuing questionnaires.

21. Model answer (b) The sphere of influence is an unusual shape as Inverness is the largest settlement in the northwest highlands. This is due to the fact that there is very little flat land in the area to build a city further North. Those living in the Islands may fly to Inverness if they need to use a high order service. The sphere of influence doesn’t reach very far south as settlements in the Grampian area are more likely to go to Aberdeen.