1. Chromosomes Physical structures in which genetic material is organized (DNA and proteins)

3. Sex chromosomes n Found in animals and some plants n Male and female cells differ with respect to their complement of sex chromosomes n One sex has matched pair and the other has either an unmatched pair or only one chromosome

4. Autosome Chromosomes other than sex chromosomes

5. Gene n The determinant of a characteristic of an organism n A section of DNA that encodes information for building a protein or a functional molecule of RNA (rRNA or tRNA)

6. Locus Specifies place on chromosome where a gene is located

7. Allele A particular version of a gene

8. Diploid Cell having two copies of every gene

10. Haploid Cell having single copy of every gene

12. Gamete Reproductive cell (haploid) specialized for sexual fusion

13. Zygote Cell produced by fusion of female and male gametes (hence, diploid)

14. Cross Mating between individuals leading to genetic fusion

15. Homozygous Having the same allele at a particular locus

16. Heterozygous Having different alleles at a particular locus

17. Genotype Genetic constitution of an organism

18. Phenotype Observable properties of an organism (structural and functional)