1. Evaluated Surface Drainage Problems with Data Charles Ellis Kent Shannon Ag Engineering Extension Specialists

4. Yield Map Interpretation Man Made Variables –Variety –Planting date –Tillage –Compaction Natural Variability –Soil fertility –Soil type –Drainage

5. Data Sources Yield Data Aerial Photos EC Data Soils

6. Man Made Variables Varieties Tillage Planting Date Compaction Chemical Applications Fertilizer Applications

7. Man Made Variables Varieties Tillage Planting Date Compaction Chemical Applications Fertilizer Applications

8. Natural Variables Soils Drainage Soils

9. Man Made Variables Fertility Field History

10. Aerial Photos Man made variables –Compaction –Drainage Natural Variability Drainage

11. Aerial Photos

12. Image Obtain Aerial Photos Terraserver FSA www.cares.missouri.edu Show history of field

13. Soil EC Readings

14. Surface Drainage

15. Surface Drainage Affects Tillage Planting Date Seeding Depth Emergence Leaching Harvesting

16. 97 beans

17. 99 Beans

18. 2003 Beans

19. Multiple Years of Yield Data Combining Multiply Years Using MapCalc Excel

20. 3 yr average bean yield

21. Combine Elevation

22. Elevation RTK

23. Combine and RTK Elevation

24. Yield and Topography Pond

25. Possible Solutions Drain Pond Remove Berm Around Pond Drain Field After Pond Removal Tillage to help drainage

26. 2004 corn Yield variability has diminished. What are the causes?

27. Bu/A 1997 Corn Grain Yield - ASEQ Field 1; Centralia, MO

28. Ranking of Yield Variability and Ease of Remedy Adapted from Larry Lotz, “Yield Monitors and Maps: Making Decisions”, Ohio State Univ. Cause of Yield Variation Least likely Most likely Ease of Remedy Easy Difficult Mechanical/ Equipment Problems Nitrogen (corn) Traffic Problems Hybrid Variety Field Border Characteristics Organic matter Disease Planter color Seed Depth Tillage P & K Compaction Drainage Past history Weather Soil type Insects Weeds Plant date pH Population

29. Bu/A Topsoil variation Low soil P and K End-row compaction Soil pH Historically managed less intensively Treeline and endrow compaction Greater weed pressure Nearly flat, ponding 1997 Corn Grain Yield - ASEQ Field 1; Centralia, MO

30. RTK GPS Elevation Map 1997 Corn Yield Map

31. Multiple Years of Point Yield Maps 1998 Beans1999 Corn

32. Multiple Years of Point Yield Maps 2000 Beans2001 Corn

34. RTK GPS Elevation Map 1997 Corn Yield Map

35. Multiple Years of Interpolated Yield Maps 1998 Beans1999 Corn

36. Multiple Years of Interpolated Yield Maps 2000 Beans2001 Corn

38. Using MapCalc Software to Better Visualize Elevation Difference with Yield Data

39. Equipment Used for RTK GPS Data Collection Use a PocketPC computer running GPS data collection software

40. RTK Base Station

41. Possible Solution with a PTO-Ditchers