1. XML Carlee Tanya John Wei Tera

2. Agenda Overview History Pros & Cons Examples XBRL Future

3. Overview What is XML? What does it do? XML does not DO anything. XML was created to structure, store and share information. XML was not designed to display data. It defines data. Machine and human readable.

4. History SGML HTML ASCII

5. HTML HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is an application that developed under SGML. HTML grew in popularity—perhaps too quickly This application began to waver from the concepts outlined by SGML Handling structured Data became a problem

6. Perfect Environment HTML was too limited and terminally polluted SGML was too complex for a mere mortal to implement There was an implied need for restructuring Something needed to strike a balance

7. Restructuring In the late 1990’s, Jon Bosak, Tim Bray, James Clark, and others came up with XML (eXtensible Markup Language) Much like SGML, XML was a new specification for defining markup languages

8. There are three primary uses for XML: Web Development: Most widespread use of XML as XHTML. You can make your website in XML and have it available for web server in any format needed. Documentation: used for much internal documentation. XML is easy to understand for humans and computers (written in an order that make it very readable for humans). Can be used to document anything; marketing materials or listing realestate. XML in News Broadcasting: Database Development: doesn't need to be easily readable by humans. Data is input to allow computers to store and access the data.

9. Simple Example Mark Wilton 34 NW Corbis Street, Edison, New Jersey, 08345 printer 1 214.88 214.88

10. Simple Example Mark Wilton 34 NW Corbis Street, Edison, New Jersey, 08345 printer 1 214.88 214.88

11. Simple Example Mark Wilton 34 NW Corbis Street, Edison, New Jersey, 08345 printer 1 214.88 214.88

12. Simple Example Mark Wilton 34 NW Corbis Street, Edison, New Jersey, 08345 printer 1 214.88 214.88 214.88 DTD ( Document Type Declarations ) defines the legal building blocks of an XML document

13. Advantages of XML  Not a programming language - no need to learn reserved words and rules;  XML looks like HTML - also uses tags and attributes name=“value”;  XML stores together data and formatting for the data in the same file;  XML uses text file format to store information;

14. Advantages of XML  XML is license free;  XML is well supported – there are a lot of vendors on the market;  XML is platform independent Report (structured data) XML file (text file, includes data and formatting rules) Software

15. Disadvantages of XML Syntax is verbose and redundant Hurts human readability Higher storage costs Great for text bad for binary data

16. XBRL Background Based upon XML technology Had to manually input in information from different systems to assemble financial reports Used to allow flow of information from different software programs “XBRL defines a consistent format for financial data and will streamline how companies prepare and disseminate their financial data and how analysts, regulators and investors review and interpret it**” ** http://dataquest.ciol.com/content/enterprise/datatech/2004/104011202.asphttp://dataquest.ciol.com/content/enterprise/datatech/2004/104011202.asp

17. XBRL Background Aims to standardize how financial information is sent and viewed on computers Many companies and associations back the standard such as: IBM, Microsoft, Oracle, and SAP AG Deloitte & Touche LLP, Ernst & Young LLP, the International Accounting Standards Committee, KPMG LLP, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, AICPA, and Reuters Group LP.

18. XBRL Similar to Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) Uses Tags to encode information XML defines values for the information Can be used to automate data collection for financial statements Cuts costs and errors

19. Future of XML What’s next for XML? Patent issues Scientigo: patents cover data transfer in neutral form Scientigo Adoption as standard Microsoft support Patents on word processing documents stored in the XML

20. Questions?