1. Call for Fire

2. Outline/Agenda Elements of the Call for Fire
Transmitting the Call for Fire “Calling it in!”
Examples
Adjustments and Message to Observer
OT Factor and Range Spotting
Adjusting the Rounds
End of Mission (EOM)
Summary
Questions 1

3. Call for Fire Definition
A call for fire is a message prepared
by an observer. It has all the information
needed to deliver indirect fires on the target.
Any soldier in the platoon can request
indirect fire support by use of the
call for fire 1

4. Elements of The Call for Fire
1. OBSERVER IDENTIFICATION
2. WARNING ORDER
3. TARGET LOCATION
4. TARGET DESCRIPTION
5. METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT
6. METHOD OF FIRE AND
CONTROL 2

5. The Three Transmissions
SLIDE 3
The Three Transmissions
1. OBSERVER IDENTIFICATION
WARNING ORDER
2. TARGET LOCATION
3. DESCRIPTION OF TARGET,
METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT,
AND METHOD OF FIRE AND
CONTROL 3

6. Observer ID/Warning Order
FDC (Fire Support) this is C36 (You)
Adjust Fire
Fire for Effect
Suppression
Immediate Suppression
Immediate Smoke

7. Target Location Grid Polar Plot Shift from a Known Point
Grid (Ex: EH )
Direction (Ex: 180 deg or 3200 mils)
mils are more accurate than degrees
Use OT factor for adjustments
Polar Plot
Observer’s Location, Direction (OT)
and Range, and Up/Down (Elevation)
Shift from a Known Point
Direction, Right/Left, Add/Drop,
Up/Down (Elevation)

8. Target Description / Snap
SLIDE 7
Target Description / Snap
1. What the target is ( troops, equipment, trucks).
2. What the target is doing (digging in).
3. The number of elements in the target
(squad, platoon, three trucks).
4. Degree of protection (in open, in foxhole).
5. The target size and shape if significant. 7

9. SLIDE 9
Method of Engagement
Type Of Adjustments, Danger Close, Trajectory, Ammo,
And Distribution
If The Target Is Within 600 Meters Of Your Location Or
The Location Of Friendly Troops, You Will Include Danger
Close In Your Call For Fire
Example:
Tank In The Open, Danger Close, Over
600 METERS 9

10. Method Of Fire And Control
At My Command
Cannot Observe
Time On Target
Continuous Illumination
Coordinated Illumination

11. Situation 1 You have 2 tanks in the tree line at grid AJ560812
SLIDE 12
Situation 1
You have 2 tanks in the tree line at grid AJ560812
Direction to the tanks is 155 degrees at a distance
of 2000 meters. Your call sign is H99 and FDC is B39. Formulate your call for fire.
B39 THIS IS H99, ADJUST FIRE, OVER.
GRID AJ560812, OVER.
DIRECTION 155 DEGREES.
2 TANKS IN TREE LINE,OVER. 12

12. Situation 2 You have a squad of infantry soldiers moving on
SLIDE 13
Situation 2
You have a squad of infantry soldiers moving on
your position at grid AK They are
Northwest from your OP at about 500 meters.
You are N24 and FDC is R81. Formulate your
call for fire.
R81 This Is N24, Adjust Fire, Over.
Grid AK307998, Direction NW, Over.
Infantry Squad In The Open,
Danger Close, Over. 13

13. Situation 3 You see a company assembly area in a valley.
SLIDE 14
Situation 3
You see a company assembly area in a valley.
The distance to the target 3000 meters at a direction
of 1730 mils. Your call sign G81 and FDC is P66.
Formulate your call for fire.
P66 This Is G81, Adjust Fire, Over.
Dir 1730, Dis 3000, Over.
Company Assembly Area In The Open, Over. 14

14. Message To Observer After FDC receives the call
SLIDE 15
Message To Observer
After FDC receives the call
for fire, it determines how
the target will be attacked.
The decision is announced
to the observer in the
form of a message to
observer or MTO.
The MTO consists of 4
items:
1. Units to fire
2. Changes to the call for fire
3. Number of rounds
4. Target number 15

15. Adjusting Phase KEY ELEMENTS 1. The observer-target (OT) Factor
2. Spotting
3. Corrections 17

16. OT Factor The OT factor is based on the distance from
you to the target and is used to compute the
correction that you are going to send to FDC. 18

17. Computing the OT Factor
Distance to target: meters
Distance expressed to the nearest thousand: 4000
Divide by 1000=OT factor of 4 19

18. SLIDE 20
Range Spotting
Over
Left
Right
Short
OT Line 20

19. Deviation Spotting I
We can tell if the round is over or short of the target
but we must be able to correct left and right to
bring the round on the target. This can be done two
ways. First by using the Reticle Pattern on the
Binos.
This example shows
that the round has
impacted 50 mils
to the left of the target
Do not send any corrections
of 30 meters or less!!! 21

20. Deviation Spotting II
Second we can use hand Measurements 22

21. Adjusting the Round The distance to the target is 4000 meters.
OT factor is 4
Round impacted 50 mils left of the target
The correction is right 200
50(mils) x 4(OT)= 200 23

22. Range Corrections I 1st Correction add/drop 400 2nd Correction
3rd Correction
add/drop 100
4th Correction
add/drop 50
Fire For Effect
You will most likely
want to begin with
a 400 meter
bracket. This begins a
“Successive” bracket
technique
OT Line
First we want to bracket the target by having one round
over and one round short. The first round impacted over
the target so the correction would be DROP 400. 24

23. Range Corrections II OT Line
The second round impacted short of the target
so the correction would be ADD 200. 25

24. Practical Exercise 1 The distance to the target 3400 meters
The 1st round impacted 40mils to the right of the
Target and long. What is your correction?
LEFT 120, DROP 400 26

25. Practical Exercise 2 The distance to the target 3400 meters
The 2nd round impacted 10mils to the left of the
Target and short. What is your correction?
RIGHT 30, ADD 200 27

26. Practical Exercise 3 The distance to the target 3400 meters
The 3rd round impacted on OT line and long
target. What is your correction?
DROP 100 27

27. FFE Phase Your 4th round has impacted and your next
correction will be add 50 FFE. You will now get 6 to 8
rounds impacting on the target. 28

28. At the completion of the FFE we must determine what
effects we had on the target and send an End of Mission
(EOM) to the FDC. Tell FDC what happened.
Example: Tank burning, end of mission, over. 29

29. Summary We discussed the following: Elements of the Call for Fire
Transmitting the Call for Fire “Calling it in!”
Examples
Adjustments and Message to Observer
OT Factor and Range Spotting
Adjusting the Rounds
End of Mission (EOM) 28

30. Questions 28

31. Garrison Operations Orders

32. Types of Orders Operations Orders (OPORD) Warning Order (WARNO)
Garrison OPORD
Tactical OPORD
Warning Order (WARNO)
Fragmentary Order (FRAGO)

33. Unit Hierarchy and OPORD

34. Characteristics of Garrison OPORDs
Should be a story from start to finish
Apply TLP
Discuss implied, specified, and essential missions
Detailed timeline
Backwards planning – 1/3 2/3
Develop good priorities of work
Task subordinates
Supervise
Rehearsals and back briefs
Reconnaissance/unit movement
    

35. The Warning Order (WARNO)
Preliminary Notice “Heads up”
Facilitates Time Management
Provides operational details
Outlines key events for mission execution (focus on mission preparation)
Detail dependent on:
The information and time available from the issue of the order to mission execution
The information subordinate commanders need for proper planning and preparation

36. Warning Order (WARNO)
Time: Provided ASAP after receipt of higher order
Format:
No specific format -- Use the five paragraphs of the operations order as a guide
Use unit SOP/checklists (or develop them)
Necessary information in a WARNO:
The mission or nature of the operation
Who is participating in the mission
Time of the operation
Tasks that unit must accomplish now (equipment, supplies, inspections and rehearsals) to prepare
Time and place that to issue the operations order

37. WARNO 5 Paragraph Format
Situation--Brief description of the enemy and friendly situation
Mission--Concise statement of the task and purpose
Execution--Brief Statement of the tentative concept of the operation. Time Schedule, earliest time of move, inspection times, time and place of OPORD. Tasks to subordinate key personnel.
Service support
Command And Signal

38. The Operations Order (OPORD)
Directive issued to subordinate leaders, commanders,
Information to effect execution of an operation
Always specifies execution time and date
Focus is on what to do, not how to do it
Explains why the mission is important

39. Operations Order- A Basic Outline (1 of 2)
Situation
Enemy Forces
Friendly Forces
Attachments and Detachments
Mission
Execution
Concept of the Operation
Maneuver
Fires
Tasks to Maneuver Units
Tasks to Combat Support Units
Coordinating Instructions

40. Operations Order- A Basic Outline (2 of 2)
Service Support
General
Material and Services
Personnel
Miscellaneous
Command and Signal
Command
Signal
Supply
Transportation
Services
Maintenance
Medical Evacuations

41. Situation Enemy Forces Friendly Forces Attachments and Detachments
Not usually used in Garrison OPORD
Terrain, Weather and Light Data
Friendly Forces
Statement of higher unit mission, intent, concept of operation
Mission and action of units two levels up, left/right, front/rear.
Attachments and Detachments
Units or individuals
Effective time period.

42. Mission Clear concise statement of the task and purpose
Contains the following information:
Who
What
When
Where
Why

43. Execution The “How To” Information needed to accomplish the mission.
Usually in five parts:
Concept of operation
Maneuver
Tasks to Maneuver units
Coordinating instructions
Detailed timeline
Safety

44. Concept of the Operation
Commander’s intent
with desired end state
Covers the entire
mission
General overview
Done in phases

45. Maneuver Is done in phases Goes into excruciating detail of each phase
Should be a large portion of the brief
Tasks to Maneuver Units
Task all sub-units and attachments
Task subordinates

46. Coordinating Instructions
Details of coordination between sub units
Synchronization of sub units
Movement instructions
Order of march
Detailed time schedule
Written out & visible
Highlight “hard” times
Safety
Safety concerns from A to Z

47. Service Support Materials and Services Supply – all classes
Transportation
Services
Maintenance
MEDEVAC procedures and medical support
Personnel – Sick call procedures

48. Command and Signal Location of key leaders Chain of command
Frequencies
Call signs
Code words

49. FRAGO Address only parts of the OPORD that change – must be specific
Uses the same sequence of the OPORD
A brief outline of the changes and instructions

50. Troop Leading Procedures and OPORDs
Receive the mission
Issue a warning order WARNO
Make a tentative plan
Start necessary movement
Reconnoiter
Complete the plan OPORD
Issue the complete order OPORD Brief
Supervise FRAGO

51. Questions?