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Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 Using the LSNA in Device Characterization for PA Design Gary Simpson M A U R Y M I C R O W A V E 2900 Inland Empire Blvd., Ontario, California 91764-4804 IEEE Topical Workshop, San Diego
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2 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 Device Characterization l Required for PA Design l Determine Device Capabilities l Determine Required Matching l Load Pull is a Common Method
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3 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 What Is Load Pull? Measurement vs. Impedance
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4 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 Value of Load Pull in PA Design l Performance Under Actual Operating Conditions l Most Direct Method to Determine Matching l Device Model not Needed l But – Verify Device Model if Desired
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5 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 Load Pull Contours
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6 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 What is the LSNA? l Large Signal Network Analyzer l Measure Incident/Reflected Waves l Get Fundamental and Harmonic Data l Time Domain from Fourier Transform l Measure Modulated Signal l Also Measure Small Signal S-Parameters
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7 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 LSNA Calibration 1.VNA Style Calibration 2.Power Meter for Absolute Power 3.Harmonic Phase Reference to Calibrate the Harmonics
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8 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 LSNA Data – Waveform 1.8 GHz Silicon BJT Power Transistor
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9 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 LSNA Data Modulated Waveform
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10 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 LSNA Data Modulated Waveform
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11 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 LSNA Data – Dynamic Load Lines
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12 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 LSNA Data Harmonic Distortion
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13 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 LSNA Data Breakdown Analysis
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14 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 Using the LSNA with Load Pull l Multiple Instrument Functions l Measure Power, Gain l Measure am/am and am/pm l Measure Waveform vs. Impedance l Measure gamma-in l Measure gamma-load
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15 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 Load Pull with LSNA
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16 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 Waveform vs. Impedance
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17 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 Load Pull – Passive Reflection Reflection DUT TUNER b2 a2
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18 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 Load Pull – Active Reflection Reflection DUT TUNER b2 a2
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19 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 Real-Time Load Pull l Inject Offset Frequency Sweep all Phase Result: Measure a Circle of Impedances l Sweep Magnitude Also Result: Measure a Region of Impedances
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20 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 Real-Time Load Pull Patent Pending
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21 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 Advantage of Real-Time Load Pull l Cover Higher Reflection than Passive Tuner l Extremely Fast Measurement l Next Generation Load Pull
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22 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 Real-Time Load Pull Status l Works Now with Average Bias l Dynamic Bias Measurement Needed to Know Bias and Eff vs. Impedance l Dynamic Bias Measurement is Coming l Active Injection works Now to Enhance Matching Range
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23 Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Sept 13-14, 2004 Conclusions l The LSNA Provides More Device Data l The LSNA Enhances Load Pull úMore Data vs. Impedance úActive Injection Provides More Matching úReal-Time Load Pull Provides High Speed and High Matching
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