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Internet Technology Networking With TCP/IP
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Modern Networking Packet switched Open standards
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ARPANET 1969
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ISP Relationships Peering – ISPs agree to exchange packets with each other for free Transit – One ISP accepts packets from another for a fee
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27.9% - UUNET/WorldCom 10.0% - AT&T 6.5% - Sprint 6.3% - Genuity 4.1% - PSINet 3.5% - Cable & Wireless 2.8% - XO Communications 2.6% - Verio 1.5% - Qwest 1.3% - Global CrossingUUNET/WorldComAT&TSprintGenuityPSINetCable & WirelessXO CommunicationsVerioQwestGlobal Crossing Major Internet Backbone MAPs Sorted by Market Share From Russ Haynal's ISP PageRuss Haynal's ISP Page
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IP header contains information to route packet through the Internet Source ip address Destination ip address Time to live other
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IP Addressing –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by decimal points –Valid octet numbers range from 0 to 254 and represent a binary address
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IP Addressing (cont.) –Each address consists of two parts: network id and host id –The network portion of an address indicates whether the device belongs to a Class A, B, C, D, or E network –Some octet number are reserved for special functions Dotted decimal notation –“Shorthand” convention used to represent IP addresses and make them more easily readable by people
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