1. CHAPTER 16 The Resurgence of the Christian West, 1050 – 1530 Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved.

2. 1. Conflicts and Connections Between Europe and Islam A. The Seljuk Turks B. Christians and Muslims in Iberia 1. Reconquista 2. Intellectual exchange C. The First Crusade: ”It Is God’s Will!” 1. Pope Urban II’s appeal 2. The First Crusade (1096 – 1099) Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved.

3. 1. Conflicts and Connections Between Europe and Islam (cont’d) D. The Muslim Response and the Later Crusades 1. Brutality and retaliation 2. The Second Crusade 3. Salah al-Din 4. Later crusades E. Islamic Impacts on Western Commerce and Culture 1. Commercial consequences 2. Cultural consequences 3. Political consequences Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved.

4. 2. The High Middle Ages A. Agricultural Advances 1. Agricultural innovation and population growth B. The Growth of Towns and Trade 1. Spurs to urbanization 2. Guilds 3. Town life C. The Rise of Royal Authority 1.Kings and towns 2.Warfare and political centralization Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved.

5. 2. The High Middle Ages (cont’d) D. The Revitalized Roman Church 1.Papal power 2.New religious orders 3.Jews and dissenters E. Intellectual and Cultural Developments 1. Universities 2. Scholasticism 3. Gothic architecture Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved.

6. 2. The High Middle Ages (cont’d) F. Exaltation of Women and Marriage 1.The cult of Mary 2.Marriage 3.Gender roles Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved.

7. 3. The Decline of the Middle Ages A. The Avignon Popes B. Famine, Plague, and Social Unrest 1. Climate change 2. The “Black Death” 3. Consequences of the plague C. The Great Western Schism D. Europe in Disarray 1. The Hundred Years’ War 2. Political conflict in Central Europe Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved.

8. 4. The European Renaissance A.Roots and Attributes of the Renaissance 1. Medieval roots 2. Petrarch and Boccaccio 3. Vernacular literature 4. Humanism Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved.

9. 4. The European Renaissance (cont’d) B. The Italian Renaissance 1. Renaissance Italy 2. Renaissance Florence 3. The High Renaissance 1. Leonardo da Vinci 2. Raphael 3. Michelangelo 4. Political turmoil C. The Northern Renaissance 1. Foundations of the northern Renaissance 2. Northern writers and artists Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved.

10. 4. The European Renaissance (cont’d) D. Social and Political Effects 1. Social development 2. Consolidation of monarchial power Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved.