1. Cenozoic Mammals and the Modern World

2. Cenozoic 65-0 Myr

3. Highlights of the Cenozoic: Geology 1.Continents move into their current configurations. (Western NA remains active.) 2.Tethys Sea closes with the Alpine/Himalayan Orogeny. 3.Minor sea level fluctuations 4.Temperature peaks in the Eocene and drops through the Pliocene/Pleistocene Ice Age.

4. Highlights of the Cenozoic: Life 1.Mammals and angiosperms (including grasses) diversify and dominate. 2.Mammals return to the sea. 3.Two minor mass extinctions - Eocene and Pleistocene/Holocene. 4.Humans appear in the Pliocene and by the late Holocene become a “geologic force”.

5. Cenozoic Geology

6. Late Cretaceous

7. Early Eocene

8. Late Eocene

9. Early Miocene

10. Late Miocene

11. Separation of Antarctica & Climate

12. Alpine/Himalayan Orogeny & the Closing of the Tethys Sea

13. The Rise and Fall of the Western US Subduction to San Andreas Laramide Orogeny to Basin and Range

14. Subduction of the Farallon Plate: Origin of the San Andreas Fault and the Gulf of California

15. Subduction of a Spreading Ridge

16. The Laramide Orogeny (Rocky Mountains)

17. The Basin and Range

19. Curiosities: The Grand Canyon <5 Myr Old!

20. Curiosities: Yellowstone

22. Curiosities: The Olympics

23. Curiosities: Chesapeake Bay Late Eocene

24. Curiosities: Central America

25. Central American Land Bridge

26. Climate - Hot to Cold

27. Sea Level Fluctuations TransgressionRegression

28. The Pliocene/Pleistocene Ice Age

29. The Final Ice Age

30. What Causes Ice Ages? 1.Position of the Continents Changes to Ocean Currents Closer o Poles 2.Orogenies / Uplift of Land Surface Changes in air circulation Increased erosion 3.Changes in Greenhouse Gases

31. Glacial Cycles within an Ice Age

32. What Causes Cycles?

33. Some Effects of the Ice

34. Changing Ecosystems