1. ALGEBRA ACADEMY, SAN GORGONIO HIGH SCHOOL Up, up, and away… Rocket Building Activity

2. -Projectile Motion -Trajectories-Parabolas -Quadratic Equations -Quadratic Model YOU SHOULD BE FAMILIAR WITH…

3. -A rocket is a big, noisy projectile… -Its trajectory follows that of a parabola… -Parabolas are “described” by quadratic formulas… -The rockets motion can thus be described by a quadratic formula… YOU SHOULD BE FAMILIAR (continued) THIS IS THE MATH…

4. MATH SCIENCEINGENUITY ENGINEERING Turning “theory” and “concept” into a practical reality

5. ALGEBRA ACADEMY, SAN GORGONIO HIGH SCHOOL Our practical reality? Build a rocket that can fly the highest… Be able to describe the flight of your rocket graphically and algebraically…

6. ALGEBRA ACADEMY, SAN GORGONIO HIGH SCHOOL Science -In one week, we can’t fully explore the many concepts in Physics/Chemistry/etc. that goes into rockets But… -We can explore the different forces and rocket relevant concepts that will help you build your rocket…

7. ALGEBRA ACADEMY, SAN GORGONIO HIGH SCHOOL Science It will explain why you need all that fire to make a rocket move… It will explain why you can’t dunk… It will help you design a “mass-friendly” rocket… Why are forces on rockets important?

8. ALGEBRA ACADEMY, SAN GORGONIO HIGH SCHOOL What is a force? A force is an influence that may cause an object to accelerate. A guy named Newton came up with laws that would explain how things move using forces. What is acceleration? The change of velocity over time

9. ALGEBRA ACADEMY, SAN GORGONIO HIGH SCHOOL All about forces… Newton’s First Law forces acting upon an object are balanced, then the acceleration of that object will be 0 m/s 2 Newton’s Second Law forces acting upon an object are unbalanced, it will move depending on net force and mass (F net = m * a) Example

10. Newtons 1st Law There is balance, and rocket does not move… At Rest… In Motion… FgFg FnFn Force of gravity Normal Force FgFg F net Force of gravity Newtons 2nd Law There is disbalance, and rocket moves…

11. FgFg F net Force of gravity How do we get rocket movin’? -The rocket needs to make a force bigger than gravity… -2 nd law tells us that F = m * a Force mass acceleration -That means that if your “m” is really big (a big thing), the force to move it needs to be very big as well… -For a rocket, you not only need to move it, BUT you must also overcome gravity…

12. ALGEBRA ACADEMY, SAN GORGONIO HIGH SCHOOL Science -That is all the Newtonian Physics you need… -Please take the rules for your activity, so as to get you started.. -Lets move on to some rocket building concepts that will help you build your rockets, like Center of mass Center of pressure Stability

13. Center of Mass The point where the rocket balances

14. Center of Mass The point where the rocket balances CM (symbol)

15. Center of Mass The sum of all forces is equal to zero

16. Center of Mass Weight =

17. Center of Pressure The location where the forces on a moving rocket are balanced.

18. Center of Pressure It is effected by the shape of the nose cone and the size of the fins.

19. Center of Pressure The location is determined by the Barrowmen equation.

20. Center of Pressure The symbol for the Cp

21. Stability The rocket will be more stable if the center of mass is in front of the center of pressure Cm Cp

22. Stability The ideal situation is to separate the Cp and Cm by two body diameters. Cm Cp D D D

23. ALGEBRA ACADEMY, SAN GORGONIO HIGH SCHOOL Ingenuity -You must be creative and imaginative… -Engineers take math an science, and have fun with it… -The following slides have some design ideas, although I encourage you to not limit creativity

24. Nike Missiles

25. ATACMS Rocket

27. Chaparral Rockets

28. Corporal Rocket

29. Hermes Rocket

30. Honest John Rocket

32. Lacrosse Rocket

33. Little John Rocket

34. Major Rocket

35. Patriot Missile

36. Pershing Rocket

37. Sergeant Rocket

39. Spartan Rocket

40. SS10 Rocket

41. SS11 Rocket

42. V2 Rocket