1. Enzymes & Your Body By Malinda Pires

2. Enzymes are Catalyst Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. Animation Menu Enzymes are catalyst to over 4000 biochemical reactions! Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:GLO1_Homo_sapiens_small_fast.gif

3. Activation Energy Enzymes work by lowering the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Activation_energy.svg Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College

4. Enzymes are Reusable Enzymes are reusable molecules found in living things. Animation Menu http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:GLO1_Homo_sapiens_small_fast.gif Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College

5. Classifying Enzymes There are 4 major categories of macromolecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, & nucleic acids Most enzymes belong to the class of proteins. However, there are a few catalytic RNA molecules. Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College 1 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Glucose-2D-skeletal.png 2 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Phospholipids_aqueous_solution_structures.svg 3 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mouse-cholera-antibody-1f4x.png 4 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Benzopyrene_DNA_adduct_1JDG.png

6. Naming Enzymes Take the name of the substrate the enzyme works on and add the suffix -ase Example: Lactose  Lactase Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lactase.jpg

7. Enzyme Form and Function Lock & key Model: The shape of an enzyme allows it to do a specific job much like a lock and key. Specificity - Animation MenuAnimation Menu Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wardedlock.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Llave_bronce.jpg

8. Induced Fit Model Enzymes can form to the shape of its substrate. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Induced_fit_diagram.svg Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College

9. Denaturing Enzymes When an enzyme is denatured it is damaged. Denaturing changes the shape. Without the correct shape enzymes won’t function properly. HOW are enzymes denatured? –Temperature Animation MenuAnimation Menu –pH Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College

10. Enzyme Inhibitors Chemicals that prevent the enzyme from working. Inhibitors decrease the enzyme reaction rate. Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Competitive_inhibition.svg

11. Enzyme Activators Chemicals that help the enzyme work. Activators increase the enzyme reaction rate. Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College X Activator Substrate Binding Site Active Site

12. Enzymes are used all over your body! Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Digestive_system_diagram_en.svg

13. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Major_digestive_enzymes.png/750px-Major_digestive_enzymes.png Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2009 President and Fellows of Harvard College