1. Where on the chest wall can
you hear the heartbeat the
best?
2. Name this structure
3. Name this valve
4. When the ventricles are in
systole, is this valve open
or closed?
5. What is a heart murmur?

2. Blood Vessels structure of vessel walls arteries
maintaining constant blood pressure
aneurisms
capillaries
veins
variations in circulatory pathways
examples of portal systems
blood supply to the brain

3. Tunica intima Tunica media Tunica externa endothelium BM smooth muscle
collagen
some elastin
L. vein
L. artery
Tunica externa
loose CT
vasa vasorum
Medium sized vein
Medium sized artery
venule
arteriole
capillary

4. To heart
Valve
open
Vein
Valve
closed
Contracted skeletal
muscles
Relaxed skeletal
muscles

5. Precapillary sphincters Sphincters open Sphincters closed
When are sphincters closed? Fingers? Muscles? Around gut?
Sphincters open
Sphincters closed

6. 1 capillary bed
Pulmonary trunk (artery)
Pulmonary vein

7. hypothalamus
Portal system
(2 capillary beds)
Anterior pituitary

8. Hepatic portal system IVC Hepatic sinusoids Gastric veins spleen pan
Superior
Mesenteric V

9. Portal system
Arteriovenous
anastomosis
Arterial anastomoses
Venous anastomoses
Dark blue = portal light blue = systemic

10. Internal carotid
Vertebral artery

11. Internal carotid
Basilar
Circle of Willis
Vertebral
Cerebrovascular Accident = CVA = stroke

13. How to maintain constant blood pressure
1. Conducting arteries expand & recoil
With increasing and decreasing pressure
2. measure pressure,
adjust HR and dilate
or constrict BV’s
High BP
Lower HR

14. Fig. 21.4(TE Art) Carotid body Baroreceptors Aortic body Baroreceptors
Carotid sinus
Baroreceptors
Common carotid
artery
Aortic body
Aortic arch
Baroreceptors

15. Fig. 16.1(TE Art) Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX) Baroreceptors
sense increased
blood pressure
Vagus nerve
(CN X)
Heart rate
decreases

16. Aneurysm:
weak point in an artery or
heart wall
common in abdominal aorta
renal arteries & brain

17. Cerebral vascular accident (CVA) = stroke