1. Network Management Definition "...deploying and coordinating resources in order to plan, operate, administer, analyze, evaluate, design and expand communication networks to meet service-level objectives at all times, at a reasonable cost, and with optimum capacity."

2. Network Management Functional Areas Fault Management detect -- diagnose -- repair Configuration/Name Mgmt a database problem... Performance Mgmt measure and predict Accounting Mgmt look at individual usage Security Mgmt access control and encryption

3. Management Protocols SNMP - Simple Network Management Protocol –Internet CMIP - Common Management Information Protocol –ISO TMN - Telecommunications Management Network –ITU-T

4. Management Protocols Philosophy SNMP - Simple Network Management Protocol –keep it simple! (cf the Internet toaster) CMIP - Common Management Information Protocol –the bazaar: whatever you want TMN - Telecommunications Management Network –actually a separate network specification

5. SNMP vs CMIP {round 1} Requirements from various vendors and user communities SNMP CMIP

6. ISO Management Overview Fault Management Accounting Management Security Management Performance Management Configuration Management System Management Functions Object Mgmt Alarm Mgmt Event Report Mgmt Workload Monitoring State Mgmt Log Control Security Alarm Security Reporting Measurement Summarization Bill Verification Billing Resource Utilization Test Mgmt Relation Mgmt CMISE Services InitializeEvent ReportTerminateActionCreateAbort Set Get DeleteCancelConfirmed Event Report Confirmed Get

7. SNMP Architecture Keep the agent as simple as possible Support remote management operations to the fullest extent possible Plan for future additions & expansion Be independent of specific hosts or devices Operate at the Application level

8. Internet Management Model Network Management Managed Entities Managed Entities Agent Proxy Agent

9. SNMP Intersection of vendor/user requirements Few ‘verbs’: –get / get-next –get-bulk {SNMPv2} –set –trap Polled, Master-Slave, Request-Response

10. SNMP Format [ ] ASN.1 subset to describe value format MIB-II{Management Information Base} to identify variables UDP as a Transport layer Now out! SNMPv2

11. The MIB Standard set of data for managing network devices Variable names are part of the ISO/CCITT object identifier namespace Provides globally unique identifiers Variables governed by Structure of Management Information (SMI) specification

12. Accessing MIB Data SNMP Communities SNMP Views SNMP Authentication

13. Abstract Syntax Notation 1 (ASN.1) Data Structures Abstract Syntax Transfer Syntax International Standard 8825 Notation used to encode, transfer and decode data structures across a wide range of applications Both connection-oriented and connectionless primitives

14. Example SNMP PDU using ASN.1 SEQUENCElen=41INTEGERlen=1vers=0 3029 020100 stringlen=6public 04 067075626C6963 getreq.len=28INTEGER len=4 -------request ID-------- -------- A0 1c020405AE5602 INTEGER len=1 status INTEGERlen=1 error index 02 0100020100 SEQ.len=14SEQlen=12objectid len=8 30 0E300C0608 1.36121110 2B06010201010100 nulllen=0 0500

15. SNMP vs SNMPv2 History in Brief More features (more complex) BIG increase in security –authentication and integrity –access controls –security and privacy Better access controls in Views Trap confirmations Knowledge of multiple managers

16. Enterprise Architecture SNMP is designed for simple, manager-to- agent communications CMIP is complex and bulky, by complete Most Enterprise networks can’t be managed directly from a single place

17. Enterprise Management Local Networks SNMP Managers CMIP Managers Separate Organization

18. Management Tools Packet Analyzer Media Analyzers (TDR, OTDR, BER Tester) RMON devices Hosts (?)

19. Software Tools Hosted on PCs Hosted on Unix Workstations Commercial Packages

20. Decent Books Network Management Standards 2d ed –Uyless Black The Simple Book, 2d ed –Marshall T. Rose Communication Networks Management, 2d ed –Kornel Terplan Internetworking with TCP/IP, Vol I, 3d ed –Douglas E. Comer