1. Lexis.com: Advanced Legal Research Mar. 2005, Taiwan By Jensen Wang For educational purposes only All products and brand names mentioned are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. Looney Tunes characters and all related slogans and indica are trademarks of Warner Bros. Inc. The use of such material falls under Fair use provisions. Retrieval and Application of Legal Material

2. AGENDA OF PRESENTATION 1. Objective of Legal Research 2. Definition of Scope of Research 3. Skills on Search and other Functionalities 4. Exact Search 5. Conceptual Search 6. Questions & Answers

3. Objective of Legal Research Step One: Identification of objective Finding authorities Searching filing information Analysis of legal issues Updating and monitoring Specific Research e.g. Arbitration, Discrimination, Freedom of Expression

4. Finding Authorities Authorities includes primary and secondary legal sources: Primary sources – legislation, cases, treaties, rules and releases Secondary sources – journals, commentaries, text-books and news. Lexsee – Citation Search

5. Analysis of Legal Issues Legal Analysis 1.Case Analysis / Shepard’s 2.Topical Search – Search Advisor 3.Academic Discussion on some new legal problems (Journals) 4.Keyword Search on a specific issues – Terms & Connectors

6. Updating & Monitoring Eclipse – the technology of automatic regular search 1.Eclipse on law – all the laws enacted against international terrorism 2.Eclipse on cases – cases involving Inter-American Convention on International Commercial Arbitration 3.Eclipse on wire news – statements of President Chen Shui-bian 4.Eclipse on journals – article of Prof. Elena Kagan 5.Eclipse on legal topic –enforcement of arbitral awards

7. Specific Research Specific Research: (examples) 1.Whether choice-of-law clauses in an international commercial contract is enforceable by the Court ? ( Reference: Batchelder v. Nobuhiko Kawamoto, 147 F.3d 915 ) 2. Whether the President of U.S. has the authority to detain a suspected terrorist by military order? Can the suspect file a habeas petition to the Court to challenge the order? (Reference: Rumsfeld v. Padilla, 124 S. Ct. 2711 )

8. Definition of Scope Step Two: How to define the scope of research? Width – Jurisdictions e.g. Comparative study on legal principles between New York and California Depth – coverage (time and contents) e.g. Search all federal case law and state regulations for 10 years

9. Search Techniques Step 3 – Find the search templates and be trained with appropriate skills to conduct the research effectively. Basic Skills: 1.Access 2.Find the path to the relevant databases 3.Exact Search - Use Citation to find the document 4.Conceptual Search – Use Terms & Connectors 5.Expansion of Search to other jurisdictions – More Like this

10. Lexis.com www.lexis.com

11. Lexis.com www.lexis.com

12. Lexis.com www.lexis.com Search Terms Terms & Connectors Natural Language Segment Search Date Restriction

13. Search Techniques The Techniques Required and be illustrated on online demo: 1.Navigation method 2.Customization 3.Database Selection and Combination 4.Exact Search by Get A Document 5.Conceptual Search by Keywords 6.Natural Language / Terms & Connectors 7.Focus and Expanded Search 8.Eclipse

14. Exact Search Techniques Segment Search by defining the nature of information: Title (Illusion and Reality in the Compensation of Victims of International Terrorism) Name (Alejandre v. Republic of Cuba) Author (Myres S. McDougal) Cite (112 Yale L.J. 1625) Court (Supreme Court of the United States) Judge (Marshall) *The above can be improved by Terms & Connectors

15. Exact Search Techniques

18. Conceptual Search Techniques Natural Language: Free-style Search by relevance Like searching in Yahoo! Terms & Connectors: Exhaustive Search – giving definite results ANDOR W/SW/P W/NATLEAST

19. Keyword Search Techniques Problem of English keyword search: 1. Difference Forms e.g. negligent, negligence, negligently Using “!” - negligen! 2. Plurals & Singulars e.g. damages or damage Using “Plural” – Plural(damage) Using “Singular” – Singular(damage) 3.Short Forms e.g. ERA Using “Allcaps” – Allcaps(ERA)

20. Terms & Connectors Land Trust and Ohio

21. Terms & Connectors Takeover or Take Over

22. Terms & Connectors Rule 11 /p sanction Circumstances /s mitigat! e.g. mitigation, mitigating, mitigated, mitigate

23. Terms & Connectors Atleast10(liquidated damages) Allcaps(ERA) “Equal Right Amendment” not the English word era

24. Terms & Connectors Fair /5 plural (toys) Singular (damage) Must be “Damage” not “Damages”

25. Exact Search Techniques Improvement on Segment Search: Title (Compens! w/s Victims and (Terrorism or Terrorist attack)) Name (Alejandre and Republic of Cuba) Author (Myres w/3 McDougal) Cite ((112 or 113) w/2 Yale w/2 1**5) Court (Supreme Court or Court of Appeal) Judge (Marshall or White or Wilkins!)

26. Search Techniques - Steps Whether the principle of res judicata is modified in criminal cases in U.S. especially in the first degree murders? Keywords extraction: Principle or rule or common law Res judicata Modified or Modification or Modify Criminal or Crime Murder First Degree or 1 st Degree

27. Search Techniques - Steps Whether the principle of res judicata is modified in criminal cases in U.S. especially in the first degree murders? Formulation Method: (Principle or rule or common law) w/s Res judicata and Modif! w/p Core-terms (Criminal or Crime) and Murder w/s (First Degree or 1 st Degree)

28. Verification Step 4 – Verification There are several methods to verify the results before making conclusion: 1.Shepard’s (for US cases) 2.Case Analysis (for commonwealth cases) 3.Eclipse 4.Cross-checking with secondary sources 5. Appropriate consultation

29. Start of Online Demonstration 1.Whether choice-of-law clauses in an international commercial contract is enforceable by the Court ? ( Reference: Batchelder v. Nobuhiko Kawamoto, 147 F.3d 915 ) 2. Whether the President of U.S. has the authority to detain a suspected terrorist by military order? Can the suspect file a habeas petition to the Court to challenge the order? (Reference: Rumsfeld v. Padilla, 124 S. Ct. 2711 )

30. Q&As Any Questions?

31. Retrieval and Application of Legal Material Thank You!