1. FreshNor FreshNor The freshwater budget of the Nordic Seas A Nordic research network 2007-2009 Jens Hesselbjerg Christensen Danish Meteorological Institute http://freshnor.dmi.dk

2. Acknowledgement Danish Climate Centre, DMI –Jens Hesselbjerg Christensen Rossby Centre, SMHI –Ralf Döscher Icelandic Meterological Office –Tómas Jóhannesson Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Norway –Helge Drange Institute of Natural Research, Greenland –Søren Rysgaard

3. Overview The freshwater budget of the (Nordic) Arctic –Issues State-of-the-art –Oceanic transport –Greenland Ice Sheet –Surface runoff –Atmospheric circulation Modeling efforts

4. The area of interest

5. 1980-1999 2080-2099 Projections of sea-ice change Source: IPCC

6. Projection for ice thickness Source: IPCC

7. Projections for snow cover Source: IPCC

8. Greenland Ice Sheet?

9. Global sea level Source: IPCC

10. Global sea level Source: IPCC

11. Salinity trends (1958-1998) Atlantic Pacific Indian World Positive negativeSource: IPCC

12. Themohaline circulation Source: IPCC

13. Project goals Co-ordinate Nordic modelling efforts on regional climate aspects within the Nordic countries Establish a better freshwater budget for now and in the near future (until about 2050) in the western part of the Arctic –links with terrestrial hydrology snow, Greenland ice sheet, smaller ice caps, permafrost The role of freshwater changes in the marine ecosystems

14. Activities TASK 1: Break down of the hydrological cycle for Nordic Seas TASK 2: Atmospheric contributions to the freshwater budget TASK 3: Cryospheric contributions to the hydrological cycle TASK 4: Oceanic (including sea-ice) contribution to the freshwater budget TASK 5: Land surfaces contribution to the freshwater budget TASK 6: The role of changes in the freshwater budget - physical and biological change

15. Science issues

16. Science needs

18. Outlook First meeting October 18-19, 2007! To review Nordic activities To establish a platform for further collaboration at a Nordic level Plan activities for next year(s)

19. Full duration of project (3 years)DKK 1.060.000 Year 1 (funding granted for 2007)300.000 Travel for PI’s and board members (10 scientists in total) 60.000 Travel for exchange students (5-8 students in total) 50.000 Setting up of web homepage (salary) 45.000 Salaries, 0.5PM per institute (total 2.5PM)125.000 Co-ordination, meetings and reporting activities (co-ordinator) 55.000 Year 2 (this application)360.000 Production of a brochure explaining Nordic climate change work 60.000 Travel for PI’s and board members (10 scientists in total) 60.000 Travel for exchange students (4-5 students in total) 30.000 Organisation of one Nordic workshop 30.000 Salaries, 0.5PM per institute (total 2.5PM)125.000 Co-ordination, meetings and reporting activities (co-ordinator) 55.000 Year 3 400.000 Travel for PI’s and board members (10 scientists in total) 60.000 Travel for exchange students (5-8 students in total) 50.000 Organisation of an international workshop 50.000 Invitation for key note speakers 60.000 Salaries, 0.5PM per institute (total 2.5PM)125.000 Co-ordination, meetings and reporting activities (co-ordinator) 55.000

20. Thank you!