1. 中国环境科学研究院 Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Air Pollution Control Strategy for China’s Power Sector 中国环境科学研究院 中国环境规划院 Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning 杨金田 Yang Jintian 2002-7-17

2. 中国环境科学研究院 Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Status of the power sector in China l Rapid growth of power sector total power generator installed capacity has reached 319.32 million kW power generation of 1368.5 billion kWh l Coal is main fuel Coal combustion 481.87 million tons Accounting for 44.5 ％ of national coal consumption l Trend of increasing Coal-fuel generators for 2010 will be 370 million kW Accounting for 2/3 of total SO2 emissions

3. 中国环境科学研究院 Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Pollutants emission in power sector l SO2, NOx, smoke dust SO2 emission in power sector 8.9 million tons Accounting for 44.6% of national SO 2 emission l main source of acid rain l damaging to human health, lakes and streams, forests, buildings, monuments and visibility l SO2 and acid rain lost 110 billion yuan

4. 中国环境科学研究院 Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Emission characteristics l Taller stack (more than 120 m) l Long distance transportation l Larger investment for FGD and longer built period l High operation cost l suit for central control

5. 中国环境科学研究院 Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Acid rain and power Total SO2 emission decrease nationwide SO2 emission increase in power sector Acid rain keep serious, Acid precipitation covers around 30 percent of the land areas

6. 中国环境科学研究院 Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Pollution Control Policy and Measures in the Power Sector l Total Emissions Control (TEC) policy l Defined two control zones l Restricting the use of high sulfur-content coal l Fuel switching to low-sulfur coal l Requiring coal washing l Installation of flue gas desulphurization (FGD) facilities l Retire small and old boilers l pollution levy fee on SO2 emissions

7. 中国环境科学研究院 Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Existing problems l Lack in corresponding policies for TEC l Insufficient consideration of environmental factors in power pricing l Lack in incentive policies for pollution treatment l Sources supervise and monitoring l Less stringency in emission standard

8. 中国环境科学研究院 Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences SO2 emission Prediction in power sector l Increasing of electricity demand l Continuously increasing of SO 2 generation with difficult control task yearelectricity (billion Kwh)SO2 (thousand tons) 200010568900(current stutus) 2005129011730 2010170014190 2015207016070

9. 中国环境科学研究院 Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences SO2 emission cap in power sector l The goal for “tenth-five years” plan 10% reduction in nationwide 20% reduction in two control zones yearControl goals 2005800 2010730 2015670

10. 中国环境科学研究院 Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Investments demand By 2015, requirement of the accumulative investment will be 165.9 billion yuan DurationTotal requirement of investment (Billion Yuan) Additional annual cost with wet desulfurizing method (b yuan) 2001-200536.76.4 2006-201066.75.7 2011-201562.54.4

11. 中国环境科学研究院 Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Pollution Control Strategy l Good chance to integrate environmental issues into power sector renovation l Integrating environmental cost into electricity price l Introduce market-based instrument, cost effective SO2 emissions reductions l Raise charge rate of SO2 emission l Strengthen emissions monitoring and reporting practices l Relying on technological advancement to promote desulfurizing industry

12. 中国环境科学研究院 Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Policy recommendations l Set a specific SO2 reduction goal for power sector l SEPA allocate allowance to power plants directly l Introduce emission trade program l Develop more strict emission standard

13. 中国环境科学研究院 Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences 谢谢 Thanks